C-67.3 - Act respecting financial services cooperatives

Updated to 1 May 2024

This document has official status.

chapter C-67.3

Act respecting financial services cooperatives

2000, c. 29.

CHAPTER I INTERPRETATION, FINANCIAL SERVICES COOPERATIVES AND MISSION

2000, c. 29, c. I; 2018, c. 23, s. 27.

DIVISION I FINANCIAL SERVICES COOPERATIVES AND MISSION

2018, c. 23, s. 28.

1. Credit unions and federations of credit unions are financial services cooperatives.

A financial services cooperative is a legal person in which persons having economic and social needs in common unite to form a deposit and financial services institution whose objects and rules of cooperative action are set out in this chapter.

2000, c. 29, s. 1.

2. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 2; 2018, c. 23, s. 29.

3. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 3; 2018, c. 23, s. 29.

4. Credit unions operate according to the following rules of cooperative action:

(1)  the number of members is not limited;

(2)  no member is entitled to more than one vote;

(3)  no member may vote by proxy;

(4)  a general reserve must be set up;

(5)  surplus earnings are allocated in accordance with this Act.

2000, c. 29, s. 4.

5. The mission of a financial services cooperative is

(1)  to receive deposits and invest them for profit;

(2)  to extend, according to law, credit and supply other products and services;

(3)  to promote cooperation between its members, between the members and the cooperative, and between the cooperative and other cooperative bodies;

(4)  to promote economic, financial and social education and education in the cooperative field.

A cooperative may carry on the activities referred to in subparagraphs 1 and 2 of the first paragraph not only with regard to its members, but also with regard to any user; if it is a credit union, its mission is also to support community development.

2000, c. 29, s. 5; 2005, c. 35, s. 1; 2018, c. 23, s. 30.

6. The mission of a financial services cooperative that is a federation is, in addition,

(1)  to protect the interests of credit unions, foster the fulfilment of their mission and promote their development;

(2)  to act as a control and supervisory body over credit unions and over partnerships and legal persons controlled by credit unions, to the extent provided for in this Act;

(3)  (subparagraph repealed);

(4)  to see to the orderly development of the network while preserving the common characteristic shared by the members of a credit union;

(5)  to define common objectives for the financial group and to coordinate its activities.

The provisions of this Act imposing a requirement to comply with a by‑law or standard of a federation do not apply to a credit union that is not a member of a federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 6; 2003, c. 20, s. 1; 2018, c. 23, s. 31.

DIVISION II GROUPS AND GENERAL MATTERS RELATING TO GROUPS

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.1. A federation and its member credit unions form a network of financial services cooperatives.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.2. All the financial services cooperatives forming a network, together with any security fund the members of whose board of directors are appointed by the federation belonging to that network, are a cooperative group.

The cooperative group to which the Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec belongs is called the “Groupe coopératif Desjardins”.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.3. All the financial services cooperatives belonging to a network, together with every group the holder of control of which is one of those cooperatives, are a financial group.

The financial group to which the Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec belongs is called the “Mouvement Desjardins”.

A credit union that is not a member of a federation, together with every group of which it is the holder of control, is also a financial group.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.4. Chapters II to XIII apply to the financial services cooperatives and the security fund included in the Groupe coopératif Desjardins only to the extent that Chapter XIII.1 does not depart from those chapters.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.5. For the purposes of this Act, “holder of control” of the following groups means,

(1)  in the case of a business corporation, the holder of shares conferring more than 50% of the voting rights or whoever can otherwise choose the majority of its directors;

(2)  in the case of a partnership that is a limited partnership, the general partner and, in the case of any other type of partnership, the partner who can determine the outcome of collective decisions, if applicable;

(3)  in the case of a trust, the trustee;

(4)  in the case of co‑owners in indivision, the manager or, in the absence of a manager, if one of the co‑owners can determine the outcome of collective decisions made by majority vote, that co‑owner; and

(5)  in the case of a security fund, the federation belonging to the same cooperative group.

No one is the holder of control of a financial services cooperative, of a mutual company or of any other group that confers voting rights on a one member, one vote basis.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.6. In the case of a legal person constituted under the laws of a jurisdiction other than Québec, the organ on which the powers usually conferred on a board of directors are conferred is considered such a board. In that context, “director” means a member of that organ.

A legal person constituted under the laws of a jurisdiction other than Québec that, in a manner similar to that of a business corporation, confers voting rights otherwise than on a one member, one vote basis is considered a business corporation. If those rights are conferred through securities that it issues, the securities are considered shares.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.7. Control, in cases which allow it, also results from participation in the concerted and ongoing exercise of rights within the group controlled or of powers over that group, even though none of the participants in the exercise of such rights or powers would alone be the holder of control; in such cases, each of the participants is deemed to be the holder of control.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.8. The following are deemed to participate in the concerted and ongoing exercise of their rights or powers and, consequently, to be the holders of control of a group:

(1)  the participants that are controlled by a same holder of control as well as that holder, if the holder is a participant;

(2)  the trustees of a same trust;

(3)  the member credit unions of a same federation; and

(4)  the natural persons between whom family ties are considered to exist.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.9. The holder of control of a group is also, if that group is the holder of control of another group, the holder of control of that other group.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.10. For the purposes of this Act, the holder of control of a group is deemed

(1)  to hold any rights to acquire shares and other securities that are held by the group; and

(2)  to exercise the voting rights that the group may exercise.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.11. For the purposes of this Act, a security entitlement to a share or to another security is considered such a share or security, unless the holder of the security entitlement is a securities intermediary acting in that capacity.

“Security entitlement” and “securities intermediary” have the meaning assigned by the Act respecting the transfer of securities and the establishment of security entitlements (chapter T-11.002).

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

DIVISION III ECONOMIC AND FAMILY TIES

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.12. Economic ties are considered to exist only between

(1)  natural persons between whom family ties are considered to exist;

(2)  a business corporation and

(a)  the person who can exercise 10% or more of the voting rights attached to the shares issued by the corporation; and

(b)  the holder of shares issued by the corporation representing more than 10% of its equity capital;

(3)  a partner in a partnership and the partnership;

(4)  each of the partners in a same partnership;

(5)  a legal person, other than a financial services cooperative, and its directors and officers;

(6)  a financial services cooperative and its officers and managers; and

(7)  a person and a succession or trust in which the person has a substantial interest similar to that of a beneficiary or in respect of which the person serves as liquidator of the succession, trustee or other administrator of the property of others, mandatary or depositary.

Economic ties include any other ties between persons or groups that the Autorité des marchés financiers may determine by regulation.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.13. Family ties are considered to exist only between a person and

(1)  his or her spouse;

(2)  his or her children or spouse’s children; and

(3)  his or her parents or spouse’s parents.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

DIVISION IV APPLICATION OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS TO FINANCIAL GROUPS AND THIRD PERSONS ACTING ON BEHALF OF A FINANCIAL SERVICES COOPERATIVE

2018, c. 23, s. 32; 2021, c. 34, s. 28.

6.14. The obligations of a financial services cooperative or security find under the provisions of this Act remain unchanged by the mere fact that the cooperative or fund entrusts a third person to carry on any part of an activity governed by those provisions.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.15. A financial services cooperative or security fund shall ensure that any group in respect of which the cooperative or fund is the holder of control complies with the prohibitions imposed on the cooperative or fund by this Act.

A prohibition imposed on such a cooperative or fund applies to the groups in its financial group not only when each of them is acting alone, but also when the acts or omissions of all or some of them would have contravened the prohibition had they been done or made by only one of them.

This section does not prohibit a group in respect of which a financial services cooperative or security fund is the holder of control from carrying on activities the group is permitted to carry on by the Act governing it even though the cooperative or fund is not permitted to carry on those activities, provided the group is a financial institution subject to the supervision of a regulatory authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.16. A financial services cooperative or security fund is liable for failures to comply with this Act by a group in respect of which the cooperative or fund is the holder of control, as if those failures to comply were the cooperative’s own.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.17. The inspection functions and powers of the Authority, provided for by the Act respecting the regulation of the financial sector (chapter E-6.1), that may be exercised in relation to a financial services cooperative or security fund extend to any group that is part of the cooperative’s or fund’s financial group if the person authorized to inspect the cooperative or fund considers it necessary to inspect the former group in order to complete the verification of the cooperative’s or fund’s compliance with this Act, even though that group does not carry on activities governed by an Act referred to in section 7 of that Act.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

6.18. The Authority may prohibit that the obligations of a financial services cooperative or security fund under this Act be performed by a third person on the cooperative’s behalf if, in the Authority’s opinion, such performance would render the application of this Act difficult or ineffective.

Before rendering its decision, the Authority must notify the prior notice prescribed by section 5 of the Act respecting administrative justice (chapter J-3) to the cooperative or fund in writing and grant the cooperative or fund at least 15 days to present observations.

2018, c. 23, s. 32.

CHAPTER II CONSTITUTION

DIVISION I ARTICLES

7. A minimum of 12 founders is required for the establishment of a financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 7.

8. Any natural person may be a founder of a credit union, except

(1)  a minor;

(2)  a person of full age under tutorship or under a protection mandate;

(3)  a person convicted, in the past five years, of an offence or an indictable offence involving fraud or dishonesty, unless the person has obtained a pardon;

(4)  a person who does not meet the conditions relating to a common characteristic when such conditions are set out in the articles of the credit union in accordance with the second paragraph of section 10.

2000, c. 29, s. 8; 2018, c. 23, s. 33; 2020, c. 11, s. 184.

9. To become a founder of a federation, a credit union must be so authorized in a resolution of its board of directors, which must contain the name of the representative of the credit union for the purposes of the establishment of the federation. The resolution must be ratified by the vote of 2/3 of the members present at a special meeting or, provided that the notice of meeting sets out the object of the resolution, at an annual meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 9.

10. The articles of a financial services cooperative shall set out

(1)  its name;

(2)  the judicial district in which its head office in Québec is situated;

(3)  the name and address of each founder;

(4)  in the case of a credit union, the name of the federation of which it will be a member;

(5)  the conditions and restrictions, if any, concerning the exercise of certain powers or the pursuit of certain activities.

The articles of a credit union that is a member of a federation may indicate the common characteristic that must be shared by members, other than auxiliary members, that the credit union may recruit. The common characteristic must be determined on the basis of occupation, on the basis of employment status with the same employer or with an employer belonging to a group of employers who are related to each other or who carry on their activities in the same economic sector, or on the basis of other criteria recognized by the federation. A credit union whose articles indicate such a common characteristic is called a “group credit union”. Any other credit union that is a member of a federation is called a “territory credit union”, and the common characteristic of its members is to be resident, to be domiciled or to work in Québec.

The articles of a credit union that is not a member of a federation may also contain any provision that the credit union, under this Act, may provide for in its by‑laws.

2000, c. 29, s. 10; 2018, c. 23, s. 34.

11. The articles of the financial services cooperative, signed by each founder, shall be transmitted in duplicate to the Autorité des marchés financiers.

2000, c. 29, s. 11; 2002, c. 45, s. 296; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

12. The articles of the financial services cooperative must be accompanied with

(1)  an application, signed by two founders, requesting the Minister to authorize the constitution of the financial services cooperative together with, in the case of a federation, a certified copy of the resolution of each of the founding credit unions;

(2)  a notice of the name and address of the person designated as the provisional secretary;

(3)  a notice of the manner in which the organization meeting will be called;

(4)  a notice of the address of the head office;

(5)  a certified copy of the resolution of the federation which has undertaken to admit the credit union as a member;

(6)  a certified copy of the resolution of the federation stating that it has given its consent to the use of the proposed name, in accordance with section 19;

(7)  the documents constituting the guarantees referred to in section 187, 188 or 189;

(8)  the budgeted statements of the assets, liabilities and results for the first year of operation of the cooperative;

(9)  a report assessing the needs to be met by the establishment of a financial services cooperative;

(10)  the fees prescribed by regulation of the Government.

2000, c. 29, s. 12; 2018, c. 23, s. 35.

13. The Authority may require such additional documents or information as the Authority indicates for the examination of the application.

2000, c. 29, s. 13; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

14. After receiving the articles, the documents and fees that must accompany them and any additional documents or information it requires, the Authority shall prepare a report on the reasons for granting or denying the application in which it assesses consumer interest and the impact of the decision on the relevant markets in Québec.

In its report, the Authority shall cover such matters as

(1)  the nature and scope of the guarantees ensuring the protection of the members of the financial services cooperative;

(2)  the quality and feasibility of the financial forecasts for the carrying on and development of the cooperative’s activities; and

(3)  the compliance of the cooperative’s proposed name with this Act.

2000, c. 29, s. 14; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 36.

14.1. To the extent that the proposed name of a financial services cooperative is compliant with the requirements of this Act, the Authority shall send its report to the Minister together with the application requesting the Minister to authorize the establishment of the cooperative.

2018, c. 23, s. 36.

15. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable, authorize the Authority to establish the financial services cooperative.

For that purpose, the Authority shall

(1)  endorse on each duplicate of the articles the words “credit union established” or “federation established”;

(2)  prepare in duplicate a certificate attesting the constitution of the financial services cooperative and stating the date of establishment;

(3)  attach a duplicate of the articles to each duplicate of the certificate;

(4)  transmit a duplicate of the certificate and of the articles and a duplicate of the documents referred to in paragraphs 2 to 4 of section 12 to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit them in the register referred to in Chapter II of the Act respecting the legal publicity of enterprises (chapter P-44.1);

(5)  send the other duplicate of the certificate and of the articles to the financial services cooperative;

(6)  send a certified copy of the certificate and of the articles to the federation which has undertaken to admit a credit union as a member.

2000, c. 29, s. 15; 2002, c. 45, s. 297; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 7, s. 282; 2018, c. 23, s. 37.

16. The financial services cooperative is established on the date appearing on the certificate, which may be subsequent to the date on which the certificate is issued.

The cooperative is a legal person as of that time.

2000, c. 29, s. 16; 2018, c. 23, s. 38.

17. The name of a financial services cooperative shall not

(1)  contravene the Charter of the French language (chapter C‐11);

(2)  include an expression which the law or the regulations reserve for another person or prohibit financial services cooperatives from using;

(3)  include an expression that evokes an immoral, obscene or offensive notion;

(4)  incorrectly indicate the juridical form of the financial services cooperative or fail to indicate such form where so required by law;

(5)  falsely suggest that the financial services cooperative is a non-profit group;

(6)  falsely suggest that the financial services cooperative is, or is related to, a public authority determined by regulation of the Government;

(7)  falsely suggest that the financial services cooperative is related to another person, partnership or group, in particular having regard to the cases and criteria determined by regulation of the Government;

(8)  lead to confusion with a name used by another person, partnership or group in Québec, in particular having regard to the criteria determined by regulation of the Government; or

(9)  be misleading, in any manner, for third persons.

The name of a financial services cooperative shall not contain the term “association” or “partnership”.

2000, c. 29, s. 17.

18. The name of a credit union shall contain one or a combination of the following expressions: “caisse”, “caisse populaire”, “caisse de financement”, “caisse d’épargne”, “caisse d’économie”, “caisse de crédit”, “credit union”, “savings union” and “financial services cooperative”.

Only a group credit union may include the expression “caisse d’économie”.

In no case may a person or partnership other than a financial services cooperative governed by this Act include in the name or use in the activities of the person or partnership any expression or combination of expressions mentioned in the first paragraph. The same applies to the English version of a name with respect to the expressions “credit union” and “savings union”. A legal person or partnership may, however, include the word “caisse” in its name.

Despite the first paragraph, the name under which a financial services cooperative may identify itself in a language other than French when using that name outside Québec or on its instruments, invoices or goods or services purchase orders or in its contracts to be used outside Québec may contain solely a distinctive name and an expression describing its activities. It may also contain any expression authorized under this Act.

2000, c. 29, s. 18; 2005, c. 35, s. 2; 2018, c. 23, s. 39.

19. The name of a credit union may not include a word or expression determined by regulation of the Government unless the federation referred to in the regulation that has undertaken to admit the credit union as a member has consented to the use of that name.

2000, c. 29, s. 19.

20. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 20; 2002, c. 45, s. 298; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 40.

21. Every credit union whose name contains one of the expressions mentioned in a regulation made under section 19 and which ceases to be a member of the federation that authorized it to use its name must, within 60 days from the date on which it ceases to be a member, submit articles of replacement or amendment to the Authority for the purpose of changing its name.

2000, c. 29, s. 21; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

22. The Authority may assign another name to a credit union which ceases to be a member of a federation that authorized it to use its name if, 60 days after the date on which it ceased to be a member of the federation, it has failed to submit articles of replacement or amendment for the purpose of changing its name.

2000, c. 29, s. 22; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

23. Any interested party may, on payment of the fee prescribed by regulation, apply to the Authority for the issue of an order directing a financial services cooperative to change its name if it is inconsistent with any provision of this Act.

2000, c. 29, s. 23; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

24. Before issuing an order under section 23, the Authority shall give all interested parties an opportunity to present observations.

2000, c. 29, s. 24; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

25. The decision of the Authority must be in writing, contain reasons and be signed. A copy of the decision is transmitted without delay to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register. The Authority shall also send a copy of the decision to each of the parties.

The decision is executory on the expiry of the time for appeal provided for in section 25.1.

2000, c. 29, s. 25; 2002, c. 45, s. 299; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

25.1. Any person who believes he or she has been wronged by a decision of the Authority under section 22 or 23, may, within 30 days of being notified, contest the decision before the Administrative Tribunal of Québec.

2002, c. 45, s. 300; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 41.

25.2. Notwithstanding the second paragraph of section 15 of the Act respecting administrative justice (chapter J‐3), the Tribunal may only confirm or quash the disputed decision contested.

2002, c. 45, s. 300.

25.3. Where the contested decision is a decision made under section 23, the Authority shall transmit a notice of the notification of the application to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2002, c. 45, s. 300; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

25.4. The decision of the Tribunal is transmitted to the enterprise registrar who shall, where applicable, make the necessary changes to the enterprise register, together with an entry to the effect that the decision was rendered by the Québec Administrative Tribunal in the case of a decision made by the Authority under section 23. A copy of the decision shall also be transmitted to the Authority.

2002, c. 45, s. 300; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

26. The Authority may change the name of the financial services cooperative if the financial services cooperative fails to comply with the order, or on the grounds that the name of the financial services cooperative is inconsistent with any of subparagraphs 1 to 6 of the first paragraph and the second paragraph of section 17 or with section 18 or 19.

2000, c. 29, s. 26; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

27. When assigning a name to a financial services cooperative, the Authority shall issue, in duplicate, a certificate attesting the change of name. The Authority shall transmit one copy to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register, and transmit the other copy to the cooperative.

The Authority shall, in the case of a credit union, send a certified copy to the federation.

The change of name becomes effective on the date appearing on the certificate.

2000, c. 29, s. 27; 2002, c. 45, s. 301; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

28. A financial services cooperative must identify itself under its own name.

The name of a financial services cooperative must be indicated legibly on all its instruments, contracts, invoices and goods or services purchase orders.

Subject to the second paragraph, a cooperative may identify itself under other names. However, a credit union that is a member of a federation must first obtain the authorization of the federation.

In addition to the expression “financial services cooperative”, the other names by which a financial services cooperative identifies itself may contain the term “cooperative”, “cooperation” or “co‑op”, despite section 16 of the Cooperatives Act (chapter C-67.2).

2000, c. 29, s. 28; 2018, c. 23, s. 42.

29. No change of name shall affect the rights and obligations of a financial services cooperative, and proceedings pending by or against the financial services cooperative may be continued under its new name without continuance of suit.

2000, c. 29, s. 29.

30. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 30; 2018, c. 23, s. 43.

31. A financial services cooperative may change the location of its head office within the boundaries of the judicial district specified in its articles, by resolution of its board of directors.

The cooperative must give notice of the change, within 10 days of the passing of the resolution, by filing a declaration to that effect in accordance with the Act respecting the legal publicity of enterprises (chapter P-44.1).

The cooperative must give notice of the change to the Authority within the same time limit.

2000, c. 29, s. 31; 2002, c. 45, s. 302; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 7, s. 282.

32. A financial services cooperative may transfer its head office to another judicial district provided its articles are amended accordingly.

A notice of the change of address of the head office of a financial services cooperative must accompany any amendment to the articles providing for the transfer.

2000, c. 29, s. 32.

DIVISION II ORGANIZATION MEETING

33. The founders shall hold an organization meeting in the year following the date of constitution of the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 33.

34. The meeting shall be called by the provisional secretary. If the provisional secretary is unable or refuses to act, the meeting shall be called by two founders.

2000, c. 29, s. 34.

35. Every natural person who transmitted an application for membership to the provisional secretary before the notice calling the meeting was sent and who is accepted at the beginning of the meeting by the founders named in the articles is deemed to be a founder of the credit union for the purposes of the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 35.

36. At the meeting, the founders of a financial services cooperative must

(1)  adopt by-laws;

(2)  subscribe for the number of qualifying shares specified in those by‑laws or, if such a number is not specified, one qualifying share;

(3)  elect the officers;

(4)  appoint an auditor, where this Act so requires;

(5)  in the case of a federation, adopt the standards required under the second paragraph of section 369.

The founders of a financial services cooperative may, in addition, take any other measure concerning its affairs.

The founders of a credit union must pass a resolution to ratify the membership of the credit union in the federation that has undertaken to admit it as a member.

2000, c. 29, s. 36; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 44.

37. Within 30 days after the meeting, the financial services cooperative shall transmit to the Authority

(1)  a list containing the name and address of each officer;

(2)  a notice defining the fiscal year of the financial services cooperative;

(3)  a certified copy of the resolution of the meeting of the founders of the credit union ratifying the membership of the credit union in the federation that has undertaken to admit it as a member;

(4)  if applicable, a notice stating the name of the auditor appointed by the assembly.

The Authority shall transmit a copy of the list of the names and addresses of the members of the board of directors to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 37; 2002, c. 45, s. 303; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2010, c. 40, s. 92; 2018, c. 23, s. 45.

DIVISION III REPLACEMENT AND AMENDMENT OF ARTICLES

38. Articles of replacement or amendment for a financial services cooperative cannot be authorized except by special resolution.

The resolution must designate the person authorized to sign the request. If the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the resolution must be submitted for approval to the federation, unless the object of the resolution is the termination, by a credit union, of its membership in the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 38; 2018, c. 23, s. 46.

39. The financial services cooperative shall transmit the articles of amendment or replacement to the Authority in duplicate.

The Authority shall transmit a copy of the articles of replacement or amendment of the financial services cooperative to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 39; 2002, c. 45, s. 304; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

40. The articles of amendment or replacement must be accompanied with

(1)  an application for the amendment or replacement of the articles signed by the person authorized for that purpose;

(2)  a certified copy of the special resolution authorizing the amendment to or replacement of the articles;

(3)  where applicable, a certified copy of the resolution of the federation approving the resolution authorizing the amendment to or replacement of the articles of a credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 40; 2018, c. 23, s. 47.

41. Where the object of the articles of amendment or replacement is to change the name of a credit union that includes one of the expressions mentioned in a regulation made under section 19, the articles must be accompanied with a certified copy of the resolution of the federation which states its consent to the use of the proposed name.

2000, c. 29, s. 41.

42. The Authority may require such additional document or information as the Authority indicates for the examination of the request.

2000, c. 29, s. 42; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

43. Upon receipt of the articles of amendment or replacement and the accompanying documents, the fees prescribed by regulation of the Government and any additional document or information required by the Authority, the Authority may amend or replace the articles if it considers it advisable.

For that purpose, the Authority, in addition to the procedure set out in subparagraphs 3 to 6 of the second paragraph of section 15, shall endorse the words “articles of amendment” on each copy of the articles of amendment or “articles of replacement” on each copy of the articles of replacement. The Authority shall prepare a certificate, in duplicate, attesting the amendment or replacement and stating its date of effect, which may be subsequent to the date on which the certificate is made.

The Authority shall send a copy of the certificate attesting the replacement or amendment to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 43; 2002, c. 45, s. 305; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

CHAPTER III SHARE CAPITAL

DIVISION I GENERAL PROVISIONS

44. The share capital of a financial services cooperative consists of qualifying shares. It may include capital shares and investment shares, if the by‑laws of the cooperative so allow.

2000, c. 29, s. 44; 2018, c. 23, s. 48.

45. The shares shall be in registered form.

2000, c. 29, s. 45; 2018, c. 23, s. 49.

46. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 46; 2009, c. 27, s. 1; 2018, c. 23, s. 50.

47. Shares may be paid for in full or in instalments, in accordance with the terms and conditions and in the cases determined by a resolution of the board of directors of the financial services cooperative.

If the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the resolution must be submitted for approval to the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 47; 2018, c. 23, s. 51.

48. Shares must be paid for in cash, except shares issued

(1)  as a dividend;

(2)  on the redemption, exchange or conversion of other shares;

(3)  in accordance with the terms of an amalgamation agreement;

(4)  on the conversion of debt obligations.

2000, c. 29, s. 48; 2018, c. 23, s. 52.

49. The financial services cooperative shall attest the issue of shares by issuing a certificate or by merely registering them in the securities register under section 133.

The certificate or register shall indicate, where applicable, the par value of the shares, the rights, preferences and restrictions attached to them and any special condition applicable to the redemption, repurchase, conversion or transfer of the shares.

The registration of a share in a book based system constitutes proof of ownership of the share.

2000, c. 29, s. 49; 2018, c. 23, s. 53.

DIVISION II QUALIFYING SHARES

50. The price of qualifying shares is determined by by-law of the financial services cooperative or, if the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, by by-law of the federation.

Such shares may be issued only to members.

2000, c. 29, s. 50; 2018, c. 23, s. 54.

51. No interest may be paid on qualifying shares.

2000, c. 29, s. 51.

52. No credit union may redeem the qualifying shares it has issued except in the event of the death, withdrawal or expulsion of a member or in the event of the winding-up, insolvency or dissolution of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 52.

53. No federation may redeem the qualifying shares it has issued except where a member withdraws or is expelled from the federation, where members amalgamate or where the member or federation is wound up, becomes insolvent or is dissolved.

2000, c. 29, s. 53; 2018, c. 23, s. 55.

DIVISION III CAPITAL SHARES AND INVESTMENT SHARES

54. In this Act, unless the context indicates otherwise,

“capital share” means a share on which interest and, if applicable, additional interest are payable at the discretion of a financial services cooperative or, in the case of shares issued by a credit union that is a member of a federation, at the discretion of the federation;

“investment share” means a share which, according to its terms, entails the obligation to pay such interest as is determined by the financial services cooperative.

For the purposes of the acquisition and holding by the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec of bonds or other debt obligations issued by the Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec, the capital shares of the federation and of its members, except auxiliary members, are deemed to be common shares for the purposes of the Act respecting the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec (chapter C-2).

The permanent shares issued by a credit union before 1 July 2001, converted into capital shares of a class carrying the same rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions as those attached to those permanent shares and deemed to be issued in accordance with this Act under section 66 of the Act respecting the Mouvement Desjardins (2000, chapter 77), as it read at the time of its repeal on 13 July 2018, may be designated by the name “permanent shares”.

2000, c. 29, s. 54; 2018, c. 23, s. 56.

55. The by-laws of a financial services cooperative that authorize it to issue capital shares and investment shares must set out the rights, privileges, conditions and restrictions attaching to each class of shares provided for in the by‑laws.

Unless otherwise provided by this Act, a cooperative may not issue capital shares or investment shares to an acquirer other than

(1)  one of its members;

(2)  a fund established by the by-laws of the cooperative for the purpose of holding shares for the benefit of the members;

(3)  the security fund of a cooperative group;

(4)  an issuing corporation referred to in section 475;

(5)  a member of a credit union that is a member of the federation issuing the shares; or

(6)  a federation of which the credit union issuing the shares is a member.

When a federation apportions all or part of the proceeds of an issue referred to in subparagraph 5 of the second paragraph among member credit unions, section 481 applies, with the necessary modifications.

2000, c. 29, s. 55; 2018, c. 23, s. 56.

Not in force

55.1. (Not in force).

2009, c. 27, s. 2.

56. The board of directors of a financial services cooperative shall state, by resolution, for each series in a class of shares, the designation and number of capital shares or investment shares the cooperative is authorized to issue, the amount of the issue, the par value of each share, the rights, preferences and restrictions attached to each share and any special condition applicable to any purchase at the option of the cooperative and the holder, redemption, repurchase, conversion or transfer of the share.

The resolution may specify that a share may be purchased by agreement or redeemed, at the option of the cooperative or on the dates set out in the resolution, or that a share may be repurchased at the option of the holder or on the dates set out in the resolution.

A resolution adopted under the first paragraph by a credit union must be approved by the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 56.

57. The rights, preferences, conditions and restrictions attached to a series of shares may not, as regards repurchase, result in preferential treatment with respect to any previously issued series of capital shares and investment shares.

2000, c. 29, s. 57.

58. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 58; 2018, c. 23, s. 57.

59. The capital shares and investment shares of a financial services cooperative may be transferred between members. In the case of a credit union, the shares may also be transferred between the members of the credit union and the federation.

The capital or investment shares may also be transferred to third persons if they have been given as security by a member.

Shares transferred to the federation or to third persons may be re-transferred only to the members of the financial services cooperative. In addition, the shares transferred to the federation may be re-transferred to the fund referred to in subparagraph 2 of the second paragraph of section 55.

2000, c. 29, s. 59; 2018, c. 23, s. 58.

60. No share shall entitle its holder, in the event of the winding-up, insolvency or dissolution of the financial services cooperative, to be reimbursed before the deposits and the other debts of the cooperative have been repaid.

In the event of the winding-up, insolvency or dissolution of a financial services cooperative, the shares it has issued rank among themselves as follows:

(1)  in the case of a credit union that is not a member of a federation, investment shares and capital shares rank equally among themselves and have priority over qualifying shares; and

(2)  in the case of other financial services cooperatives,

(a)  investment shares have priority over capital shares and qualifying shares, and

(b)  capital shares and qualifying shares rank equally among themselves.

2000, c. 29, s. 60; 2011, c. 18, s. 78; 2018, c. 23, s. 59.

61. The purchase at the option of the credit union and the holder, repurchase or redemption of the shares issued by a credit union must be consistent with the standards of the federation, or be authorized by the Authority where the credit union concerned is not a member of a federation.

The repurchase or redemption of the shares issued by a federation, other than those held by a member credit union of the federation, must be authorized by the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 61; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 60.

61.1. A financial services cooperative that belongs to a network may not purchase, repurchase or redeem the shares it has issued if there are reasonable grounds to believe that the network is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain, in accordance with the first paragraph of section 440.1, adequate capital to ensure its sustainability, or

(1)  if the cooperative is a credit union, it is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain, in accordance with section 461, adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due; or

(2)  if the cooperative is a federation, it is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain,

(a)  in accordance with the second paragraph of section 440.1, adequate capital to ensure its sustainability; or

(b)  in accordance with section 466, such liquid assets as are adequate to meet its requirements and obligations.

2018, c. 23, s. 61.

61.2. A financial services cooperative that does not belong to a network may not purchase, repurchase or redeem the shares it has issued if there are reasonable grounds to believe that it is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain adequate capital to ensure its sustainability in accordance with section 451 or unable to maintain adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due, in accordance with section 464.

2018, c. 23, s. 61.

61.3. The Authority may not authorize the redemption or repurchase of shares under section 61 if such a redemption or repurchase is prohibited under section 61.1 or 61.2.

2018, c. 23, s. 61.

62. The interest that may be paid on capital shares is determined by the board of directors of the cooperative that issued the shares unless the cooperative is a member of a federation; in that case, it is determined by the board of directors of the federation.

The additional interest that may be paid on capital shares issued by a credit union that is not a member of a federation is determined by the credit union’s general meeting, at its annual meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 62; 2018, c. 23, s. 62.

62.1. The interest paid on capital shares issued by a federation or a member credit union of the federation may be taken out of surplus earnings, the stabilization reserve and, if those are insufficient, the general reserve.

In the case of a credit union that is not a member of a federation, the interest is taken out of the stabilization reserve, as is the additional interest, which may also be taken out of surplus earnings.

2018, c. 23, s. 62.

63. The federation may pay interest on the shares issued by its member credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 63; 2010, c. 40, s. 2; 2018, c. 23, s. 63.

63.1. Interest may not be determined or paid on capital shares issued by a financial services cooperative that belongs to a network if there are reasonable grounds to believe that the network is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain, in accordance with the first paragraph of section 440.1, adequate capital to ensure its sustainability, or

(1)  if the interest is payable by a credit union on shares it has issued, the credit union is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain, in accordance with section 461, adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due; or

(2)  if the interest is payable by a federation on shares it has issued or, under section 63, by a member credit union of the federation, the federation is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain,

(a)  in accordance with the second paragraph of section 440.1, adequate capital to ensure its sustainability; or

(b)  in accordance with section 466, such liquid assets as are adequate to meet its requirements and obligations.

2018, c. 23, s. 63.

63.2. A cooperative that is not a member of a network may not determine or pay interest on capital shares it has issued if there are reasonable grounds to believe that it is, or would after the payment be, unable to maintain adequate capital to ensure its sustainability in accordance with section 451, or unable to maintain adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due, in accordance with section 464.

2018, c. 23, s. 63.

CHAPTER IV ACTIVITIES AND POWERS

DIVISION I GENERAL PROVISIONS

64. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 64; 2018, c. 23, s. 64.

65. A financial services cooperative is empowered to pursue its activities outside Québec.

2000, c. 29, s. 65.

66. A financial services cooperative must apply sound and prudent management practices ensuring, in particular, good governance and compliance with the laws governing its activities. In addition, a credit union must comply with the standards adopted by the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 66; 2018, c. 23, s. 65.

66.1. A financial services cooperative must adhere to sound commercial practices.

Such practices include providing fair treatment to its clientele, in particular by

(1)  providing appropriate information;

(2)  adopting a policy for processing complaints filed by members of that clientele and resolving disputes with them; and

(3)  keeping a complaints register.

2008, c. 7, s. 55; 2018, c. 23, s. 66.

66.2. A financial services cooperative must be able to show to the Authority, and if applicable to the federation of which it is a member, that it adheres to sound and prudent management practices and sound commercial practices.

2018, c. 23, s. 66.

67. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 67; 2018, c. 23, s. 67.

68. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 68; 2002, c. 70, s. 169; 2018, c. 23, s. 67.

69. A financial services cooperative may, to obtain payment of any specific, liquid and exigible claim it has against a member or depositor, withhold any sum of money it owes to the member or depositor and use it to compensate its claim, except in the case of the redemption of qualifying shares issued by it.

2000, c. 29, s. 69.

70. Persons doing business with a financial services cooperative are not presumed to have knowledge of the contents of a document concerning that cooperative by reason only that the document has been registered or is available for examination according to law.

2000, c. 29, s. 70; 2002, c. 45, s. 306.

71. Persons doing business with a financial services cooperative may presume that

(1)  the cooperative is pursuing its mission and exercising its powers in accordance with its articles and by-laws;

(2)  the documents transmitted to the Minister or the Authority and registered under this Act contain true information;

(3)  the officers and managers of the cooperative are validly holding office and lawfully exercising the powers arising therefrom;

(4)  the documents of the cooperative issued by one of its officers or managers or other mandataries are valid.

2000, c. 29, s. 71; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 68.

72. Sections 70 and 71 do not apply to persons in bad faith or to persons who ought to have had knowledge of the situation by virtue of their position within or their dealings with the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 72.

73. For the purposes of the communication among themselves and the use of information concerning a partnership or a legal person that pertains to the supply of goods or services, except personal information, the credit unions and the federation forming a network are not considered to be third persons in relation to each other.

For the purposes of the mutual communication and use of information concerning a partnership or a legal person, except personal information, that pertains to the management of financial risk, credit unions, the federation of which they are members and the other groups within the financial group to which they belong are not considered to be third persons in relation to each other.

2000, c. 29, s. 73; 2018, c. 23, s. 69.

DIVISION II DEPOSITS, CREDIT AND SECURITY

74. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 74; 2018, c. 23, s. 70.

75. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 75; 2018, c. 23, s. 70.

76. A financial services cooperative is not bound to take account of the fact that a deposit is subject to a trust.

2000, c. 29, s. 76.

77. In this Act, credit includes all forms of financing or suretyship.

2000, c. 29, s. 77.

78. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 78; 2018, c. 23, s. 70.

79. No credit union may extend credit to another credit union belonging to its network without the authorization of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 79.

80. No financial services cooperative may extend credit on the security of the shares issued by it or by another financial services cooperative belonging to its network.

2000, c. 29, s. 80.

81. No federation may, without the Authority’s permission, grant a hypothec or other security on its movable property, except

(1)  to secure a loan contracted to meet short term requirements for liquid funds or any loan contracted with the Bank of Canada;

(2)  (subparagraph repealed);

(3)  to obtain an advance of money under section 40.5 of the Deposit Institutions and Deposit Protection Act (chapter I-13.2.2) or, if it receives deposits from outside Québec, to obtain an advance from a federal or provincial body that guarantees or insures deposits;

(4)  (subparagraph repealed);

(5)  to become a member of a securities clearing-house or of any association the object of which is to organize a clearing and settlement system for instruments of payment or securities transactions, and to provide the necessary guarantees;

(6)  to act on behalf of its members or users for the clearing and settlement of instruments of payment or securities transactions;

(7)  (subparagraph repealed);

(8)  (subparagraph repealed).

The Authority may, in granting its permission, require any undertaking it considers necessary to ensure compliance with this Act.

2000, c. 29, s. 81; 2002, c. 45, s. 307; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 71.

81.1. At the request of the Authority, the Minister may authorize a federation to determine by resolution the terms and conditions of a loan, a suretyship, or a hypothec on all of the member credit unions’ property, to be negotiated with the Bank of Canada in accordance with paragraph h of section 18 of the Bank of Canada Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. B-2), the Government of Canada or any corporation of the Government of Canada. Borrowings, suretyships, hypothecs and other acts performed by the federation in the name of credit unions under that resolution are deemed to be borrowings, suretyships, hypothecs or acts of those credit unions.

Any authorization given under the first paragraph may include conditions and restrictions and may apply to a category or group of financial services cooperatives.

2009, c. 27, s. 3; 2018, c. 23, s. 72.

82. Before hypothecating or giving property as security, a credit union must obtain the authorization of the federation. A credit union that is not a member of a federation must obtain the authorization of the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 82; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2009, c. 27, s. 4; 2018, c. 23, s. 73.

83. Notwithstanding sections 81 and 82, a federation may hypothecate or otherwise give property as security to guarantee the obligations of a credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 83.

DIVISION III SURPLUS EARNINGS

84. The annual surplus earnings of a financial services cooperative shall be allocated to the following purposes:

(1)  establishing and maintaining the reserve established under section 87;

(2)  establishing and maintaining the general reserve;

(3)  in the case of a federation or a member credit union of the federation, paying interest on capital shares;

(3.1)  in the case of a credit union that is not a member of a federation, paying additional interest on capital shares;

(4)  establishing and maintaining a stabilization reserve;

(4.1)  establishing and maintaining a reserve for future dividends;

(5)  allotting dividends to persons and partnerships that were members of the cooperative, including auxiliary members, during the fiscal year;

(6)  where the cooperative is a credit union, establishing and maintaining a community development fund in accordance with the terms and conditions, if any, established by the credit union.

Surplus earnings shall be allocated by the general meeting, at the annual meeting, after the members have considered the recommendations of the board of directors and taking into account the operating results for the preceding fiscal year.

However, in the case of a federation or a member credit union of the federation, the allocation of surplus earnings to the payment of interest on capital shares is a matter under the jurisdiction of the federation’s board of directors. In addition, the allocation of the surplus earnings of a credit union must also be consistent with the standards adopted by the federation.

A cooperative may call its surplus earnings “surpluses”.

2000, c. 29, s. 84; 2003, c. 20, s. 2; 2007, c. 18, s. 1; 2018, c. 23, s. 74.

85. In no case may the general reserve of a financial services cooperative be drawn upon for the payment of dividends, or be shared between the members.

In the circumstances referred to in the first paragraph of section 62.1, the general reserve of a federation or a member credit union of the federation may be drawn upon to pay interest on the capital shares it has issued.

2000, c. 29, s. 85; 2018, c. 23, s. 75.

86. The by-laws of the financial services cooperative and the standards of the federation may provide for the allocation of an amount from the surplus earnings to the general reserve, and determine the manner of computing the amount.

2000, c. 29, s. 86.

87. The portion of the surplus earning representing the increase in value of the shares in relation to an investment fund that are held by a credit union, or of any security determined by the by-laws of the federation, shall be allocated to a reserve established for that purpose in accordance with the standards of the federation.

The following may also be allocated to the reserve, as determined by the by-laws of the federation:

(1)  any asset or liability that is unrealized, is subject to market fluctuations and, according to the applicable accounting principles and standards, would otherwise be added to the surplus earnings to be allocated;

(2)  the variation in the value of the assets and liabilities described in subparagraph 1, determined according to the applicable accounting principles;

(3)  any other element, with the authorization of the Authority.

The reserve may, in accordance with the standards of the federation, be drawn upon to increase the surplus earnings that the credit union may allocate following

(1)  the cashing of some or all of the investment deposits or capital shares in relation to an investment fund;

(2)  the realization of any investment;

(3)  the realization of any element allocated to the reserve.

2000, c. 29, s. 87; 2010, c. 40, s. 3; 2018, c. 23, s. 77.

87.1. A federation may, by by-law, establish a reserve to which the elements referred to in the second paragraph of section 87 are to be allocated.

The federation may draw upon the reserve to increase the surplus earnings it may apportion after realizing an element allocated to the reserve.

2010, c. 40, s. 4.

88. The board of directors of a credit union must pay into the general reserve, out of the reserve for future dividends or, if that reserve has insufficient funds, out of the stabilization reserve, such sums as are necessary to ensure that the capital of the credit union meets the standards of the federation or that the capital of the credit union, if it is not a member of a federation, is adequate to ensure its sustainability. A credit union that is not a member of a federation is required to comply with the relevant government regulations.

2000, c. 29, s. 88; 2003, c. 20, s. 3; 2018, c. 23, s. 79.

89. The board of directors of a credit union must pay out of the community development fund any sum that must be paid into the general reserve to ensure that its capital is in conformity with the provisions of this Act, where the sums allocated to the reserve for future dividends and the stabilization reserve are not sufficient to meet the obligations prescribed by section 88.

2000, c. 29, s. 89; 2003, c. 20, s. 4; 2018, c. 23, s. 80.

90. The amounts allocated to the stabilization reserve may, in accordance with the second paragraph of section 62, serve for the payment of interest on capital shares where the amounts are not paid into the general reserve.

2000, c. 29, s. 90.

90.1. The allocation of dividends from the reserve for future dividends must be consistent with the standards of the federation.

The same is true for a transfer of sums from that reserve to the community development fund.

2003, c. 20, s. 5; 2018, c. 23, s. 81.

91. Dividends may be paid in any form provided for in the by-laws of the financial services cooperative. They may vary, in particular, according to the nature of the transactions made with the cooperative, the nature of the products or services provided to the members, or the amount of the fees paid by the members.

The by-laws may also determine the products and services giving entitlement to dividends and those that give no entitlement thereto.

The allocation and type of dividends paid by a credit union must be in compliance with the standards adopted by the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 91.

CHAPTER V OFFICERS, MANAGERS AND ETHICS

2000, c. 29, c. V; 2018, c. 23, s. 83.

DIVISION I OFFICERS AND MANAGERS

2000, c. 29, Div. I; 2018, c. 23, s. 84.

92. The officers of a financial services cooperative are the members of its board of directors together with, in the case of a credit union, the members of the credit union’s board of supervision or, in the case of a federation, the members of the federation’s board of ethics and professional conduct.

In this Act, “officer”, when used with an expression referring to a legal person or to another group that is not a financial services cooperative, does not refer to a member of a board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 92; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 85.

93. For the purposes of this Act, the managers of a financial services cooperative are

(1)  the person chiefly responsible for the management of the cooperative (chief manager);

(2)  any person appointed to a managerial position; and

(3)  any person who, without being appointed to such a position, is designated as such by the cooperative’s board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 93; 2018, c. 23, s. 85.

94. A financial services cooperative’s managerial positions are created by the cooperative’s board of directors; except as otherwise provided by this Act, the board may appoint any person to such a position and specify his or her functions.

2000, c. 29, s. 94; 2018, c. 23, s. 85.

95. Despite section 94, the board of directors of a credit union that is a member of a federation may create managerial positions only to the extent provided for in the by‑laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 95; 2018, c. 23, s. 85.

96. The chief manager of a credit union may not be president or vice‑president of the credit union’s board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 96; 2018, c. 23, s. 85.

97. The functions of the chief manager shall be exercised under the direction of the board of directors.

The board of directors shall determine the remuneration of the chief manager.

2000, c. 29, s. 97; 2018, c. 23, s. 86.

98. The chief manager of a cooperative who is not a member of the board of directors is entitled to be convened to, attend and address the meetings of the board; the chief manager must, however, withdraw from a meeting when the opportuneness of the chief manager’s presence to debate a given matter is being discussed.

The chief manager of a cooperative, whether or not a member of the board of directors, must withdraw from a meeting at the request of the board.

2000, c. 29, s. 98; 2018, c. 23, s. 87.

99. The members of the board of directors of a financial services cooperative are presumed to be the mandataries of the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 99.

100. The board of directors shall furnish to the Authority the name and address of each of the officers and managers of the financial services cooperative within 30 days following their election or appointment.

The Authority shall transmit a list of the names and addresses of such officers and managers to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 100; 2002, c. 45, s. 308; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92; 2018, c. 23, s. 88.

101. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 101; 2005, c. 35, s. 3; 2018, c. 23, s. 89.

102. Subject to this division, the officers of a financial services cooperative are bound by the same obligations as are imposed by the Civil Code on any director of a legal person.

Consequently, in the exercise of their functions, the officers are duty‑bound toward the financial services cooperative to act with prudence and diligence, honesty and loyalty and in the interest of the cooperative.

In their capacity as mandataries of the financial services cooperative, the managers are bound, among other things, by the same obligations as are imposed on the directors under the first paragraph.

2000, c. 29, s. 102; 2018, c. 23, s. 90.

103. An officer of a financial services cooperative is presumed to have fulfilled the obligation to act with prudence and diligence if the officer relied, in good faith and on reasonable grounds, on a report, information or an opinion provided by

(1)  a manager of the financial services cooperative or, if applicable, of another cooperative that is a member of the same network as that cooperative, who the officer believes to be reliable and competent in the functions performed;

(2)  legal counsel, professional accountants or other persons retained by the cooperative or a member of the network to which it belongs as to matters involving skills or expertise the officer believes are matters within the particular person’s professional or expert competence and as to which the particular person merits confidence;

(3)  a committee of the board of directors of which the officer is not a member if the officer believes the committee merits confidence; or

(4)  in the case of an officer of a credit union that is a member of a federation, the federation or a person it retains.

2000, c. 29, s. 103; 2018, c. 23, s. 90.

104. The mere fact that an investment or credit has been made or extended in compliance with this Act does not release any officer or manager of the financial services cooperative from the obligation to act in accordance with section 102.

2000, c. 29, s. 104; 2018, c. 23, s. 91.

105. A financial services cooperative must purchase, according to market conditions, liability insurance for the benefit of each of its officers and managers and any person acting at its request as a director or officer of a legal person of which the cooperative is a shareholder or creditor, to cover any liability that may be incurred by such persons when acting as such, except liability resulting from a failure to act with honesty and fairness.

2000, c. 29, s. 105; 2018, c. 23, s. 92.

106. No officer or manager may communicate information concerning the financial services cooperative or one of its members except to the extent determined by the rules adopted by the board of ethics and professional conduct of the federation or by the board of supervision of the credit union, if it is not a member of a federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 106; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 93.

107. A financial services cooperative shall assume the defence of its officers and managers, and of persons who have acted in that capacity for the cooperative, who are prosecuted by a third person for an act done in the performance of their duties and shall pay any injury resulting from that act, unless they have committed a gross negligence or a personal fault separable from the performance of their duties.

In penal or criminal proceedings, however, the cooperative shall assume payment of the expenses of its officers and managers, and of persons who have acted in that capacity for the cooperative, only where they had reasonable grounds to believe that their conduct was in conformity with the law or where they have been discharged or acquitted, or where the proceedings have been withdrawn or dismissed.

2000, c. 29, s. 107; 2018, c. 23, s. 94.

108. A financial services cooperative shall assume the expenses of its officers or managers, or of persons who have acted for it in that capacity, whom it prosecutes for an act done in the performance of their duties if it loses its case and the court so decides.

If the cooperative wins its case only in part, the court may determine the amount of the expenses it shall assume.

2000, c. 29, s. 108; 2018, c. 23, s. 95.

109. Every financial services cooperative shall assume its obligations under sections 107 and 108 in respect of any person who has acted at its request as a director or officer of a legal person of which it is a shareholder or creditor.

2000, c. 29, s. 109.

110. The officers of a financial services cooperative who authorize the repurchase or redemption of shares in contravention of this Act are solidarily liable for the payment to the cooperative of any sum disbursed by it for the repurchase or redemption.

2000, c. 29, s. 110.

111. Officers of a financial services cooperative who authorize an investment or an extension of credit in contravention of this Act, of the regulations or by-laws or of the standards applicable under this Act are solidarily liable for any resulting losses to the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 111.

112. Any right of action arising from section 110 or 111 is prescribed three years after the date on which the board of supervision, in the case of a credit union, or the board of ethics and professional conduct, in the case of a federation, becomes aware of the alleged act.

2000, c. 29, s. 112; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36.

113. Any right of action arising from section 110 or 111 may be exercised by

(1)  the financial services cooperative;

(2)  the federation, if a credit union has neglected to exercise such right of action after having been formally notified to do so by the federation;

(3)  the Authority, if the federation has neglected to exercise such right after having been formally notified to do so pursuant to subparagraph 2;

(4)  the Authority, if the credit union is not a member of a federation and has neglected to exercise such right of action after having been formally notified to do so by the Authority.

Where a federation serves a formal notice in accordance with subparagraph 2, it must, at the same time, transmit a copy to the Authority.

Before exercising a right of action under this section, a federation or the Authority must give the cooperative an opportunity to present observations.

2000, c. 29, s. 113; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

113.1. An officer cannot be held liable under section 110, 111 or 479.2 if the officer acted with a reasonable degree of prudence and diligence in the circumstances.

Furthermore, for the purposes of sections 110, 111 and 479.2, the court may, after considering all the circumstances and on the terms the court considers appropriate, relieve an officer, either wholly or partly, from the liability the officer would otherwise incur if it appears to the court that the officer has acted reasonably, honestly and loyally, and ought fairly to be excused.

2018, c. 23, s. 96.

114. An officer who is suspended loses the right to be convened to, attend and vote at meetings of the board of which the officer is a member.

An officer or manager who is suspended also loses, for as long as the suspension is in effect, the right to act in the capacity of officer or manager of the financial services cooperative or of any legal person belonging to the same financial group.

The suspension of an officer or manager does not affect the date of termination of the officer’s or manager’s term of office.

2000, c. 29, s. 114; 2018, c. 23, s. 97.

DIVISION II ETHICS

115. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 115; 2003, c. 20, s. 6; 2018, c. 23, s. 98.

116. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 116; 2002, c. 6, s. 132; 2018, c. 23, s. 98.

117. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 117; 2018, c. 23, s. 98.

118. An officer or manager who is in a conflict of interest situation must, on pain of dismissal, disclose the situation.

The chief manager participating in deliberations and decisions relating to his or her conditions of employment is, in particular, a conflict of interest situation.

2000, c. 29, s. 118; 2018, c. 23, s. 99.

118.1. Except in the case of a conflict of interest situation involving an officer who discloses the situation at a meeting of the board of directors of which he or she is a member, every conflict of interest situation involving an officer or manager must be disclosed by the officer or manager to the board of directors, in writing, as soon as he or she becomes aware of it.

A disclosure made during a board meeting must be entered in the minutes of the meeting.

2018, c. 23, s. 99.

118.2. In addition to disclosing any conflict of interest situation involving him or her, an officer must, on pain of dismissal, abstain from voting on matters concerning the situation and avoid influencing the decision relating to it. The officer must also withdraw from any meeting while the situation is being discussed or voted on.

2018, c. 23, s. 99.

119. An officer or manager who is dismissed for having contravened section 118 or 118.2 also ceases to be qualified to sit as a member of a board of directors, a board of supervision of a credit union, or a board of ethics and professional conduct of a federation, for a period of five years from the dismissal.

2000, c. 29, s. 119; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 100.

120. A financial services cooperative must give written instructions to the groups of which it is the holder of control to ensure that situations of conflict of interest are brought to an end.

For the purposes of the first paragraph, a cooperative may require any relevant information.

The instructions of a cooperative are binding on the persons to whom they are addressed. The cooperative shall send a copy of the instructions to the Authority within 10 days of their adoption.

2000, c. 29, s. 120; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 101.

121. A financial services cooperative must, when doing business with natural persons or groups that are restricted parties with respect to it, act in the same manner as it would when dealing at arm’s length.

Consequently, a contract entered into between the cooperative and a natural person or group that is a restricted party with respect to it may not be less advantageous for the cooperative than if it had been entered into at arm’s length.

2000, c. 29, s. 121; 2018, c. 23, s. 102.

122. Section 121 does not apply to the remuneration of officers or any other matter connected with a contract of employment.

2000, c. 29, s. 122; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 102.

123. The following natural persons and groups are restricted parties with respect to a financial services cooperative:

(1)  the cooperative’s officers and managers;

(2)  if the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the federation’s officers and managers;

(3)  a group whose board of directors is composed, in the majority, of officers of the cooperative;

(4)  natural persons and groups having economic ties with the officers or managers referred to in subparagraphs 1 to 3; and

(5)  any other person or group designated under section 124.

A group that belongs to the same financial group as a financial services cooperative is not a restricted party with respect to the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 123; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 102.

124. The Authority may designate a natural person or group as a restricted party if, in its opinion, that person or group is likely to receive preferential treatment to the detriment of the financial services cooperative.

The Authority may review a designation at the request of the person or group designated or the cooperative concerned.

Before making or refusing to review a designation, the Authority must give the natural person or group and the cooperative concerned an opportunity to present observations.

The Authority shall notify the person or group designated and the cooperative concerned of its decision on the designation or the review request, as applicable.

2000, c. 29, s. 124; 2005, c. 35, s. 4; 2018, c. 23, s. 102.

125. Unless the obligations of a financial services cooperative under the following contracts are minimal, such contracts must be submitted to its board of directors for approval:

(1)  a contract for the acquisition, by the cooperative, of securities issued by a natural person or group that is a restricted party with respect to the cooperative or for the transfer of assets between them; and

(2)  a service contract between the cooperative and a natural person or group that is a restricted party with respect to it.

Before approving such contracts, the board of directors must obtain the opinion of the board of supervision or the board of ethics and professional conduct, as the case may be.

2000, c. 29, s. 125; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 102.

126. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 126; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 103.

127. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 127; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 103.

128. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 128; 2018, c. 23, s. 103.

129. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 129; 2018, c. 23, s. 103.

130. No financial services cooperative may extend credit to its officers or managers or to natural persons or groups having economic ties with them except to the extent determined by the rules of ethics and professional conduct and in accordance with the credit standards applicable to the cooperative.

No financial services cooperative may extend credit to any of the officers of a legal person belonging to the financial group to which the cooperative belongs except to the extent determined by the rules of ethics and professional conduct and in accordance with the credit standards applicable to the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 130; 2005, c. 35, s. 5; 2018, c. 23, s. 104.

131. The provisions of section 130 do not apply

(1)  to credit extended by way of a credit card or involving amounts within the limits usually granted to credit card holders;

(2)  to credit extended to an officer or manager or to a natural person or group having economic ties with the officer or manager, where he or she has no authority over the person extending credit on behalf of the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 131; 2018, c. 23, s. 105.

CHAPTER V.1 EXAMINATION OF COMPLAINTS AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION

2002, c. 45, s. 309.

131.1. The complaint processing and dispute resolution policy adopted under subparagraph 2 of the second paragraph of section 66.1 must, in particular,

(1)  set out the characteristics that make a communication to the financial services cooperative a complaint that must be registered in the complaints register kept under subparagraph 3 of the second paragraph of section 66.1; and

(2)  provide for a complaint record to be opened for each complaint and prescribe rules for keeping such records.

The financial services cooperative must make a summary of the policy, including the elements specified in subparagraphs 1 and 2 of the first paragraph, publicly available on its website and disseminate it by any appropriate means to reach the clientele concerned.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.2. Within 10 days after a complaint is registered in the complaints register, the financial services cooperative must send the complainant a notice stating the complaint registration date and the complainant’s right to have the complaint record examined under section 131.3.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2008, c. 7, s. 56; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.3. A person whose complaint has been registered in the complaints register may, if dissatisfied with the cooperative’s processing of the complaint or the outcome, request the cooperative to have the complaint record examined by the Authority.

If the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the complaint record is examined by the federation rather than the Authority.

The cooperative is required to comply with the complainant’s request and send the record to the Authority or, in the case of a credit union that is a member of a federation, to the federation.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.4. The Authority shall examine the complaint records that are sent to it.

It may, with the parties’ consent, act as conciliator or mediator or designate a person to act as such.

Conciliation or mediation may not, alone or in combination, continue for more than 60 days after the date of the first conciliation or mediation session, as the case may be, unless the parties consent to it.

Conciliation and mediation are free of charge.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2004, c. 37, s. 50; 2005, c. 35, s. 6; 2008, c. 7, s. 57; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.5. Unless the parties agree otherwise, nothing that is said or written in the course of a conciliation or mediation session may be admitted into evidence before a court of justice or before a person or body of the administrative branch exercising adjudicative functions.

A conciliator or mediator may not be compelled to disclose anything revealed or learned in the exercise of conciliation or mediation functions or to produce a document prepared or obtained in the course of such functions before a court of justice or before a person or body of the administrative branch exercising adjudicative functions.

Despite section 9 of the Act respecting Access to documents held by public bodies and the Protection of personal information (chapter A-2.1), no person has a right of access to a document contained in the conciliation or mediation record.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.6. Despite sections 9 and 83 of the Act respecting Access to documents held by public bodies and the Protection of personal information (chapter A-2.1), the Authority may not communicate a complaint record without the authorization of the financial services cooperative that has sent it.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2008, c. 7, s. 58; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

131.7. On the date set by the Authority, a financial services cooperative shall send it a report on the complaint processing and dispute resolution policy adopted under subparagraph 2 of the second paragraph of section 66.1 stating the number of complaints that the cooperative has registered in the complaints register and their nature.

The report must cover the period determined by the Authority.

On sending the report to the Authority, a credit union that is a member of a federation shall send a copy of it to the federation.

2002, c. 45, s. 309; 2018, c. 23, s. 106.

CHAPTER VI BOOKS, REGISTERS AND AUDITS

132. A financial services cooperative shall prepare and maintain, at its head office, books containing

(1)  its articles and the Authority’s certificates relating to them, its by‑laws, and any notice concerning the address of its head office;

(2)  the minutes and resolutions of its meetings;

(3)  the names and domiciles of the members of its board of directors, and the dates of the beginning and end of their terms of office;

(4)  a securities register; and

(5)  a list of the fees required by the cooperative for the services it provides.

The members may examine the cooperative’s books mentioned in the first paragraph, except the securities register, during its regular office hours and obtain extracts from them without charge. They are also entitled, on request and without charge, to one copy of the articles and by-laws.

2000, c. 29, s. 132; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 107.

133. In addition to the information referred to in the second paragraph of section 49, the securities register of a financial services cooperative must contain the following information with regard to the issued shares of its share capital:

(1)  the names, in alphabetical order, and the addresses of the shareholders;

(2)  the number of shares held by each such shareholder;

(3)  the date and details of the issue and, if applicable, transfer of each share; and

(4)  any amount due on any share.

The register must contain, if applicable, the same information with respect to the cooperative’s debentures, bonds and notes, with the necessary modifications.

2000, c. 29, s. 133; 2016, c. 7, s. 189; 2018, c. 23, s. 107.

134. A financial services cooperative must prepare and maintain, at its head office, accounting records and books containing

(1)  the minutes of meetings and resolutions of the board of directors and its committees and of the board of supervision or the board of ethics and professional conduct;

(2)  the compliance programs of the cooperative;

(3)  the orders of the Authority and of the Minister;

(4)  the written instructions issued under this Act; and

(5)  if the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the management agreements it has entered into with the federation or with the security fund established by the federation.

Unless otherwise provided by law, only the officers and the auditor may have access to the records and books referred to in the first paragraph.

2000, c. 29, s. 134; 2018, c. 23, s. 107.

135. The accounting records that must be maintained by a financial services cooperative include

(1)  the registers and accounting records required for preparing financial statements; and

(2)  statements of account indicating, on a daily basis and for each depositor, the transactions between the cooperative and that depositor as well as the depositor’s credit balance or debit balance.

However, if the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, it is required to maintain only those accounting records that are necessary for preparing its financial report.

The content of a credit union’s financial report is prescribed by a standard of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 135; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 107; 2021, c. 34, s. 29.

136. A financial services cooperative must keep every cheque accepted or paid within less than five years and the books, registers and other accounting records dating back less than 10 years, or a copy that is admissible as evidence.

A credit union must comply with the standards of the federation concerning the destruction of cheques, books, registers and other accounting records, and of the copies admissible as evidence. A credit union that is not a member of a federation must comply with the instructions of the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 136; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

137. Unless otherwise provided by law, a financial services cooperative may keep all or any of the books it is required to keep under this Act at a place outside its head office, if

(1)  it is a credit union that is a member of a federation and is authorized to do so under the federation’s standards, or it is a federation and is authorized to do so under its by‑laws;

(2)  the information contained in those books is available for inspection, in an appropriate medium, during regular office hours at the head office of the financial services cooperative or any other place in Québec designated by the board of directors; and

(3)  the financial services cooperative provides technical assistance to facilitate the inspection of the information contained in the books.

If the books and registers are not kept at the head office, the cooperative shall send the Authority a notice specifying where they are kept.

2000, c. 29, s. 137; 2018, c. 23, s. 108.

137.1. If accounting records of a financial services cooperative are kept outside Québec, books adequate to enable the officers to ascertain the financial position of the cooperative with reasonable accuracy on a quarterly basis must be kept at the head office of the cooperative or any other place in Québec designated by the board of directors.

2018, c. 23, s. 108.

137.2. A financial services cooperative must be able to reproduce, in intelligible form and within a reasonable time, the information contained in the books it prepares and maintains under this Act.

A financial services cooperative must take reasonable precautions to prevent the loss or destruction of its books, to ensure their integrity and to facilitate detection and correction of inaccuracies they may contain.

2018, c. 23, s. 108.

137.3. In any action or proceeding against a financial services cooperative or any of its members, the books of the cooperative are proof of their contents in the absence of evidence to the contrary.

2018, c. 23, s. 108.

138. The Authority may use any appropriate means to publicize the list mentioned in subparagraph 5 of the first paragraph of section 132.

2000, c. 29, s. 138; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 109.

139. A financial services cooperative shall cause its books and accounts to be audited every year by an auditor.

However, the books and accounts of a cooperative that is a credit union that is a member of a federation are not audited.

2000, c. 29, s. 139; 2016, c. 7, s. 190; 2021, c. 34, s. 30.

140. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 140; 2016, c. 7, s. 191.

141. The auditor of a federation and the auditor of a credit union that is not a member of a federation are appointed by the general meeting at the annual meeting. Their appointment expires at the following annual meeting.

If the office of auditor becomes vacant, the directors shall appoint a replacement. They may, in addition, appoint a person to exercise the functions of the auditor when the auditor is absent or unable to act.

2000, c. 29, s. 141; 2016, c. 7, s. 192; 2021, c. 34, s. 31.

142. If a federation or a credit union that is not a member of a federation fails to cause its books and accounts to be audited or to appoint an auditor in accordance with this Act, the Authority may appoint an auditor whose remuneration shall be charged to the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 142; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2016, c. 7, s. 193.

143. The auditor of a financial services cooperative must be a member in good standing of the professional order of accountants recognized by the Professional Code (chapter C-26).

2000, c. 29, s. 143; 2012, c. 11, s. 32.

144. In no case may the auditor be an officer, manager, other employee or member of the financial services cooperative that has appointed him or her, or a person having economic ties with an officer or manager.

Nor may the auditor responsible for auditing the consolidated financial statements of the financial group to which a federation belongs be an officer, manager, other employee or person having economic ties with an officer or manager of a member of the financial group to which the federation that appointed him or her belongs, including, if applicable, an auxiliary member that is a cooperative established under an Act of a jurisdiction other than Québec and that has a mission similar to that of a credit union within the meaning of this Act, but whose principal establishment is located outside Québec.

2000, c. 29, s. 144; 2016, c. 7, s. 194; 2018, c. 23, s. 110; 2021, c. 34, s. 32.

145. The appointment of an auditor is terminated if the auditor ceases to be qualified to act as auditor.

2000, c. 29, s. 145.

146. The Authority or any interested person may apply to the Superior Court to obtain the dismissal of an auditor who does not meet the requirements of section 143 or 144.

2000, c. 29, s. 146; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

147. A federation and every credit union that is not a member of a federation must inform the Authority, within 10 days, of the resignation of the auditor or of the decision to propose the auditor’s dismissal before the expiry of the auditor’s appointment.

2000, c. 29, s. 147; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

148. The financial services cooperative is required to see that its officers, managers and employees send an auditor who requests it in the course of his or her functions the information or documents regarding the cooperative, the groups of which the cooperative is the holder of control and any other group whose financial information is consolidated with its own.

The financial services cooperative is also required to see that persons having custody of such documents do so as well.

2000, c. 29, s. 148; 2021, c. 34, s. 33.

149. The auditor may require the holding of a meeting of the board of directors and address the meeting on any question related to the auditor’s duties.

The auditor responsible for auditing the consolidated financial statements of the financial group to which a federation belongs may exercise the powers under this section in respect of the board of directors, officers, managers, mandataries and employees of the federation or of a member of the financial group to which the federation belongs, including, if applicable, an auxiliary member that is a cooperative established under an Act of a jurisdiction other than Québec and that has a mission similar to that of a credit union within the meaning of this Act, but whose principal establishment is located outside Québec.

2000, c. 29, s. 149; 2016, c. 7, s. 195; 2018, c. 23, s. 111; 2021, c. 34, s. 34.

150. The auditor shall submit the report referred to in section 151 to the board of directors of the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 150; 2016, c. 7, s. 196; 2021, c. 34, s. 35.

151. The auditor shall indicate, in the report,

(1)  whether the audit has been carried out in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards;

(2)  whether, in the auditor’s opinion, the financial statements of the financial services cooperative included in the report submitted to the annual meeting present fairly the financial position of the cooperative and the results of its operations, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and with the accounting rules prescribed by the Authority under section 163;

(3)  any other information prescribed by regulation of the Government.

The auditor shall include in the report sufficient explanations in respect of any reservations expressed.

2000, c. 29, s. 151; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

152. The auditor shall report to the board of directors in writing any operation, transaction or situation concerning the financial services cooperative that, in the auditor’s opinion, is not satisfactory and requires rectification.

In particular, the auditor shall submit a report on the activities and operations of the cooperative and transactions between the cooperative and restricted parties which have come to the auditor’s notice in the course of the audit and which lead the auditor to believe that the cooperative is in contravention of this Act or the regulations thereunder.

Where the report referred to in the second paragraph concerns a credit union, the auditor must forward it to the board of supervision and to the Authority.

Where the report referred to in the second paragraph concerns a federation, the auditor must forward it to the board of ethics and professional conduct and to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 152; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35, s. 36; 2016, c. 7, s. 197; 2021, c. 34, s. 36.

153. An auditor who makes a report in good faith under section 152 shall not thereby incur any civil liability.

2000, c. 29, s. 153.

154. The auditor is entitled to attend any meeting of the financial services cooperative and address the meeting on any matter relating to the duties of an auditor.

The secretary shall give notice of every meeting of the cooperative to the auditor.

2000, c. 29, s. 154; 2016, c. 7, s. 198; 2021, c. 34, s. 37.

155. Two directors or 10 members may, by means of a notice of at least five days, require the presence of the auditor at a meeting of the financial services cooperative, and the auditor is bound to attend.

2000, c. 29, s. 155; 2016, c. 7, s. 199; 2021, c. 34, s. 38.

156. If an officer or manager becomes aware of an error or misstatement in the financial statements on which the auditor reported, the officer or manager must immediately notify the auditor and, if necessary, send the auditor revised financial statements.

2000, c. 29, s. 156; 2018, c. 23, s. 112.

157. If the auditor becomes aware of an error or misstatement in the financial statements on which the auditor reported, and if in the auditor’s opinion the error or misstatement is material, the auditor shall inform each director of the error or misstatement.

The directors must, within 60 days, prepare and publish amended financial statements or advise the members, the federation and the Authority of the error or misstatement.

2000, c. 29, s. 157; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

158. The auditor shall, in addition, audit the financial statements of a financial services cooperative that are included in the annual report. The auditor shall transmit his or her report to the Authority and, if applicable, to the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 158; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s.200; 2016, c. 7, s. 200; 2021, c. 34, s. 39.

159. The auditor shall indicate in the report required under section 158

(1)  whether the examination has been made in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards;

(2)  whether, in the auditor’s opinion and on the basis of generally accepted accounting principles, applied in the same manner as in the preceding fiscal year, subject to section 163, the financial statements included in the annual report present fairly the financial position of the financial services cooperative and the results of its operations;

(3)  whether, in the auditor’s opinion, the method used to present particulars that may affect the security of depositors is adequate;

(4)  whether, in the normal course of the audit, the auditor has become aware of operations, situations or transactions which may lead the auditor to believe that the cooperative has not adhered to sound and prudent management practices;

(5)  whether, in the auditor’s opinion, the management practices adopted by the cooperative as regards insider trading and conflicts of interest are adequate and whether the cooperative is complying therewith;

(6)  any other information prescribed by government regulation.

2000, c. 29, s. 159; 2016, c. 7, s. 201; 2021, c. 34, s. 40.

160. The Authority may order that the annual audit of the activities of a federation or a credit union that is not a member of a federation be repeated or extended or that a special audit be made in respect of any financial services cooperative.

The Authority may, for that purpose, appoint an auditor whose remuneration shall be charged to the cooperative.

Section 144 applies to an auditor appointed by the Authority as if the auditor had been appointed by the cooperative being audited.

2000, c. 29, s. 160; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2016, c. 7, s. 202.

161. Unless otherwise prescribed in its by-laws, the fiscal year of a financial services cooperative ends on 31 December each year.

2000, c. 29, s. 161.

162. At the end of its fiscal year, the financial services cooperative shall prepare an annual report containing

(1)  the name of the cooperative and the address of its head office;

(2)  the name of each of its officers and managers;

(3)  the number of its members;

(4)  a statement of assets and liabilities, an operating statement, a statement of the reserve for future dividends, a statement of the stabilization reserve, a statement of the community development fund, a statement of the surplus earnings, a statement of the general reserve, a statement of the reserve referred to in section 87 and a statement of provisions to cover credit losses and investment losses, presented on a comparative basis with the corresponding statements for the immediately preceding fiscal year;

(5)  a statement showing the total amount of credit extended to restricted parties;

(6)  a statement showing the credit union’s participating interest in the investment fund of the federation referred to in section 414, where applicable, and the return on such interest;

(7)  the auditor’s report referred to in section 151, if applicable;

(8)  the report of any special committee formed at the request of the general meeting;

(9)  the other statements and information required by its by-laws;

(10)  any other information required by the Authority.

If the cooperative is a credit union that is a member of a federation, the cooperative shall replace the financial statements referred to in subparagraph 4 of the first paragraph by the financial report provided for in the second paragraph of section 135.

If the cooperative is a federation, its financial statements referred to in subparagraph 4 of the first paragraph are the consolidated financial statements of the financial group to which the federation belongs. For the purposes of this paragraph, any auxiliary member that is a cooperative established under an Act of a jurisdiction other than Québec and that has a mission similar to that of a credit union within the meaning of this Act, but whose principal establishment is located outside Québec belongs to that financial group.

2000, c. 29, s. 162; 2002, c. 45, s. 310; 2003, c. 20, s. 7; 2002, c. 45, s. 310; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2016, c. 7, s. 203; 2018, c. 23, s. 114; 2021, c. 34, s. 41.

163. The financial statements referred to in paragraph 4 of section 162 shall be prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles.

However, the Authority may, in respect of the financial statements indicated and where considered expedient by the Authority, prescribe accounting standards that include particular requirements or requirements different from those applicable according to generally accepted accounting principles. The requirements of such accounting standards may be discretionary.

The Regulations Act (chapter R‐18.1) does not apply to accounting standards or draft accounting standards.

2000, c. 29, s. 163; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2016, c. 7, s. 204; 2021, c. 34, s. 42.

164. The annual report shall be submitted to the board of directors for approval. The approval of the board must be certified by at least two of the directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 164.

165. Every member who requests a copy of the annual report is entitled to one, free of charge, as of the 10th day preceding the annual meeting at which the report will be presented. The member may also consult any other annual report kept by the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 165; 2018, c. 23, s. 115.

166. The financial services cooperative shall, within four months after the end of the fiscal year, transmit a copy of the annual report to the Authority.

A credit union shall also transmit a copy of the annual report to the federation within four months after the end of the fiscal year.

2000, c. 29, s. 166; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

167. Every financial services cooperative shall furnish to the Authority, at the request of, on the dates and in the form determined by the Authority, the statements, statistics, reports and other information the Authority considers appropriate for the application of this Act.

The Authority may transmit to the federation a copy of the documents and information transmitted by a credit union under the first paragraph.

2000, c. 29, s. 167; 2002, c. 45, s. 311; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

CHAPTER VII WINDING-UP AND DISSOLUTION

DIVISION I WINDING-UP

168. Divisions II and III of the Winding-up Act (chapter L‐4) apply to the winding-up of a financial services cooperative, subject to the provisions of this Division.

For the purposes of the application of the said Act to a financial services cooperative, the word “company” means a financial services cooperative, the word “shareholder” means a member of the cooperative. In addition, where a provision of the said Act requires the vote of the shareholders representing a specified proportion of the capital stock of a company, that provision is considered to require the number of votes cast by the members corresponding to the specified proportion in value.

2000, c. 29, s. 168.

169. The winding-up of a financial services cooperative may be decided by a resolution adopted by the vote of 3/4 of the members present at a special meeting.

The general meeting shall appoint, by the vote of a majority of the votes cast, a liquidator who is entitled to immediate possession of the property of the financial services cooperative.

The cooperative shall thereafter exist and carry on business solely for the purposes of the winding-up of its affairs.

2000, c. 29, s. 169.

170. In order to guarantee the performance of his or her duties before taking possession of the property of the financial services cooperative, the liquidator shall give sufficient security and maintain it thereafter.

At the request of the Authority or of any other interested person, a judge of the Superior Court may determine the amount and nature of the security and increase it according to circumstances.

This section does not apply to a federation or to a security fund acting as a liquidator for a credit union that is a member of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 170; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 116.

171. Every financial services cooperative that has decided to wind up its operations must transmit to the Authority a certified true copy of the resolution of winding up. It must also notify the enterprise registrar by producing a declaration to that effect, in accordance with the Act respecting the legal publicity of enterprises (chapter P-44.1), within 10 days of passing the resolution.

The cooperative shall cause a notice to that effect to be published.

Every credit union that has decided to effect the winding-up of its business must also give notice to the federation within 10 days after the passing of a resolution to that effect and forward to the federation, within the same time, a certified copy of the resolution.

The notice shall indicate the name and address of the liquidator and the address to which claims may be sent by interested persons.

2000, c. 29, s. 171; 2002, c. 45, s. 312; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 7, s. 282.

172. From the date of deposit of the declaration in the register, all proceedings against the property of the financial services cooperative, whether by seizure before judgment, seizure in execution or otherwise, shall be suspended.

The costs incurred by a creditor directly or through an attorney after the publication of the notice shall not be collocated out of the proceeds of the property of the cooperative.

A judge of the Superior Court of the district in which the head office of the cooperative is located may, however, on the conditions the judge considers suitable, authorize the institution or continuance of any proceedings.

2000, c. 29, s. 172.

173. The liquidator shall first pay the debts of the financial services cooperative, the costs of winding-up and the shares referred to in section 713. The liquidator shall then redeem the shares according to their respective ranks; sections 61.1 to 61.3 do not apply to such a redemption.

The balance of the assets of a credit union devolves upon the federation or, if the credit union does not belong to a federation, upon a legal person designated by the Government.

The amounts representing the deposits or shares that could not be redeemed shall be remitted to the Minister of Revenue, together with a statement setting out the amounts and the name and last known address of the persons entitled thereto and the date of their remittance to the Minister of Revenue.

The Unclaimed Property Act (chapter B-5.1) applies to the amounts remitted to the Minister of Revenue under the third paragraph.

2000, c. 29, s. 173; 2005, c. 44, s. 54; 2011, c. 10, s. 70; 2018, c. 23, s. 117.

174. In the event of the winding-up or dissolution of a federation, the liquidator or Minister of Revenue, as the case may be, shall, after the payments referred to in the first paragraph of section 173 are made, divide the remaining assets among the credit unions in proportion to the number that their members, except their auxiliary members, are of the total number of the members of all the credit unions belonging to the network. Where there remains no credit union that is a member of the federation, the liquidator shall remit the remaining assets to a legal person designated by the Government.

2000, c. 29, s. 174; 2005, c. 44, s. 54.

175. If the members of a credit union fail to confirm the account referred to in section 16 of the Winding-up Act (chapter L‐4), the account shall be submitted for approval to the federation or, if the credit union is not a member of a federation, to the Authority.

If the members of a federation fail to confirm the account referred to in section 16 of the Winding-up Act , the account shall be submitted for approval to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 175; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

176. The liquidator shall, within the time and in respect of the period determined by the Authority, transmit, at the request of the Authority, a summary report of the liquidator’s activities or any document or information required by the Authority concerning the conduct of the winding-up.

2000, c. 29, s. 176; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

177. The liquidator shall transmit to the Authority a copy of the summary report submitted by the liquidator to the general meeting pursuant to section 15 of the Winding-up Act (chapter L‐4).

2000, c. 29, s. 177; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

178. When the winding-up of the financial services cooperative is completed, the liquidator shall transmit a final report on the liquidator’s activities to the Authority.

The liquidator of a credit union shall forward to the federation the documents of which the liquidator took possession for the purposes of the winding-up. If the credit union was not a member of a federation, the documents must be forwarded to the Authority.

The liquidator of a federation shall forward such documents to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 178; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

178.1. A debtor who would have been entitled to an acquittance from a credit union that, before its winding‑up, was a member of a federation, but may not obtain it because of the winding‑up, may obtain it from the federation.

The federation may also release the debtor from a hypothec and consent to cancelling its registration, if applicable, in the registers kept at the registry office.

A credit union that was wound up before 1 July 2001 and that, prior to its winding‑up, was a member of a federation or amalgamating confederation under section 689, is considered to be a credit union that was a member of the Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec.

2018, c. 23, s. 118.

179. The Authority may act before the courts in all matters respecting the winding-up and exercise, on behalf of the members or creditors of the financial services cooperative, any right they may have against the cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 179; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

DIVISION II DISSOLUTION

180. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable and after obtaining the advice of the Authority, request the latter to dissolve a financial services cooperative if

(1)  the number of members is reduced to less than 12;

(2)  the organization meeting has not been held in the year following the date of establishment;

(3)  the cooperative has failed, for three consecutive years, to hold an annual meeting or to furnish a copy of its annual report to the Authority;

(4)  the liquidator has failed to transmit to the Authority the reports or information required under sections 176 to 178.

2000, c. 29, s. 180; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

181. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable, request the Authority to dissolve a credit union if

(1)  it fails to comply with the provisions of section 191;

(2)  it has been unable, within 30 days after the expiry of the period of time fixed in section 191, to become a member of another federation, to establish a new federation, or to submit to the Authority an agreement of amalgamation with another credit union that is a member of another federation or, failing the above, has not passed a resolution for its winding-up or has not obtained authorization from the Minister to be exempted from compliance with section 186;

(3)  it fails to comply with the provisions of section 192;

(4)  it has been unable, within 30 days after the expiry of the period of time fixed in section 192, to become a member of another federation or to submit to the Authority an agreement of amalgamation with another credit union that is a member of another federation or, failing the above, has not passed a resolution for its winding-up or has not obtained authorization from the Minister to be exempted from compliance with section 186.

2000, c. 29, s. 181; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

182. Before requesting the Authority to dissolve a financial services cooperative, the Minister shall give the cooperative or the liquidator, as the case may be, notice of the alleged default and of the penalty that applies and give them an opportunity to present observations within 30 days from the date of the notice. In the case of a credit union, the Minister must transmit a copy of the notice to the federation.

If, after considering the representations of the credit union or of the liquidator or, if none were made, at the expiry of the period of time fixed in the first paragraph, the Minister maintains the notice of default, and the default is not remedied within 30 days following the expiry of the period of time fixed in the first paragraph, the Minister shall request the Authority to dissolve the financial services cooperative.

2000, c. 29, s. 182; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

183. The Authority shall dissolve the financial services cooperative by drawing up an act of dissolution and transmitting a certified true copy to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register. The cooperative is dissolved from the date of the deposit.

2000, c. 29, s. 183; 2002, c. 45, s. 313; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

184. The Minister of Revenue shall have the seizin of the property of any dissolved financial services cooperative. The Minister of Revenue shall act as the liquidator of the property and be accountable to the Authority. The rules of section 173 apply, with the necessary modifications, to a winding-up conducted by the Minister of Revenue under this section.

2000, c. 29, s. 184; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 44, s. 54.

185. The balance of the assets of a credit union devolves upon the federation of which it was a member or, if the credit union was not a member of a federation, upon the legal person designated by the Government, and the balance of the assets of a federation devolves in accordance with section 174.

When the winding-up of the property of the dissolved credit union is completed, the Minister of Revenue shall deliver to the federation or, if the credit union was not a member of a federation, to the Authority, the documents of the credit union of which the Minister of Revenue took possession.

When the winding-up of the property of the dissolved federation is completed, the Minister of Revenue shall deliver to the Authority the documents of the federation of which the Minister of Revenue took possession.

2000, c. 29, s. 185; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 44, s. 54.

185.1. Section 178.1 applies, with the necessary modifications, to a credit union that is dissolved.

2018, c. 23, s. 119.

DIVISION III FINANCIAL CONTRACTS

2018, c. 23, s. 119.

185.2. Neither the winding-up nor the dissolution of a federation prevents performance of the financial contracts determined by the Authority under section 40.22 of the Deposit Institutions and Deposit Protection Act (chapter I-13.2.2) and entered into by the federation, or compensation against an amount payable under or in regard to such a contract, in accordance with the terms of the contract.

2018, c. 23, s. 119.

CHAPTER VIII CREDIT UNIONS

DIVISION I ADMISSION OF CREDIT UNION TO A FEDERATION, WITHDRAWAL AND EXPULSION

186. Subject to sections 188 and 189, every credit union must be a member of a federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 186.

187. No credit union may be established unless a federation has undertaken to admit it as a member and to furnish, at the request of the Authority, such guarantees as the latter may consider sufficient to ensure the protection of the members of the credit union.

The guarantees required pursuant to the first paragraph may be furnished by a security fund.

2000, c. 29, s. 187; 2002, c. 45, s. 314; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

188. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable and after obtaining the advice of the Authority, authorize, on the conditions determined by the Minister, the establishment of a credit union even if no federation has undertaken to admit it as a member and exempt the credit union from compliance with section 186 if the founders have furnished guarantees considered sufficient by the Authority to ensure the protection of the members of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 188; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

189. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable and after obtaining the advice of the Authority, exempt, on the conditions determined by the Minister, a credit union that is a member of a federation from compliance with section 186 if, in the opinion of the Minister, the credit union has fulfilled all its obligations toward the federation or has made an agreement with the federation establishing the terms and conditions of performance of those obligations and if it has furnished guarantees considered sufficient by the Authority to ensure the protection of its members.

2000, c. 29, s. 189; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

190. Every application by a credit union for admission to a federation, other than an application made prior to its establishment, and every application for withdrawal from the federation must be authorized by a resolution of its board of directors setting out the name of the representative of the credit union who is authorized to sign the application and be ratified by a special resolution passed by the members present at a special meeting or, provided the object of the resolution is mentioned in the notice calling the meeting, at an annual meeting.

The credit union must, within 10 days of the ratification, transmit a certified copy of the resolution to the Authority with proof of its ratification.

2000, c. 29, s. 190; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 120.

191. A credit union which decides to withdraw from a federation or which is expelled following a decision of the federation must, within 90 days of the ratification of the resolution or decision, pass any resolution necessary to apply for admission to another federation, apply for the constitution of a new federation, amalgamate with a credit union that is a member of another federation, be wound up or apply to the Minister for an exemption from compliance with section 186.

The Authority may extend the period of time mentioned in the first paragraph, even if it has expired.

2000, c. 29, s. 191; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 121.

192. A credit union that is a member of a federation that is wound up or dissolved must, within 90 days of the deposit of the notice of dissolution or winding-up in the register referred to in Chapter II of the Act respecting the legal publicity of enterprises (chapter P-44.1), pass any resolution necessary to apply for admission to another federation, apply for the constitution of a new federation, amalgamate with a credit union that is a member of another federation, be wound up or apply to the Minister for an exemption from compliance with section 186.

The Authority may extend the period of time mentioned in the first paragraph, even if it has expired.

2000, c. 29, s. 192; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 7, s. 282; 2018, c. 23, s. 121.

193. A credit union remains a member of a federation

(1)  until another federation has undertaken to admit it as a member or until the new federation for whose constitution it has applied is constituted and the credit union has obtained articles of amendment to that effect;

(2)  until it has amalgamated with a credit union that is a member of another federation;

(3)  until it is dissolved;

(4)  until it is exempted from compliance with section 186 by the Minister.

2000, c. 29, s. 193.

194. The Authority may not accept the admission of a credit union into another federation unless the Authority considers that the credit union has fulfilled all its obligations toward the federation of which it is a member or if the credit union has made an agreement with that federation establishing the conditions of performance of those obligations.

2000, c. 29, s. 194; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

DIVISION II MEMBERS

195. To be a member of a credit union, a person or partnership must

(1)  apply for membership, except in the case of a founder mentioned in section 7;

(2)  subscribe and pay for one qualifying share or for any other number of qualifying shares that may be prescribed by by‑law of the credit union;

(3)  undertake to comply with the by-laws of the credit union;

(4)  be admitted by the board of directors or by a person authorized by it, except in the case of a founder.

2000, c. 29, s. 195; 2018, c. 23, s. 122.

196. A credit union may not be a member of another credit union belonging to the same network.

A federation may not be a member of a credit union belonging to the same network.

2000, c. 29, s. 196.

197. Subject to section 200.1, a person or partnership that does not meet the conditions relating to common characteristic set out in the articles of the cooperative in accordance with the second paragraph of section 10 may only be admitted as an auxiliary member.

A group of persons may only be admitted as an auxiliary member.

2000, c. 29, s. 197; 2007, c. 18, s. 2.

198. The by‑laws of a credit union must provide for one or more classes of auxiliary members and determine conditions for their admission, their rights and obligations and criteria or conditions relating to their withdrawal, suspension or expulsion.

2000, c. 29, s. 198; 2018, c. 23, s. 123.

199. Subject to section 198, auxiliary members have the same rights and obligations as members. However, they are neither entitled to vote nor eligible to hold any office within the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 199.

200. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 200; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 124.

200.1. The board of directors of a credit union may, in accordance with the standards of the federation, admit as a member a natural person who is a former member of the credit union and has ceased to meet the conditions relating to a common characteristic set out in the articles of the credit union, if the person re-applies for membership within the period set by the federation.

The number of members who do not meet the conditions relating to a common characteristic must not exceed the limits determined by federation standards. In the absence of standards to that effect, that number must not exceed 3% of the total number of credit union members.

2007, c. 18, s. 3.

201. The rights and obligations of a member who ceases to meet the conditions relating to common characteristic set out in the articles of the cooperative in accordance with the second paragraph of section 10 following an amalgamation of credit unions or following a change in the articles of the credit union are maintained.

2000, c. 29, s. 201.

202. Minors and persons without the legal capacity to contract may be admitted only as auxiliary members. They may, without the authorization or intervention of anyone, subscribe for qualifying shares in a credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 202.

203. A member may, if the member owes no debts to the credit union, withdraw from membership by requesting the repayment of the member’s qualifying shares and the withdrawal of the member’s deposits.

The member’s withdrawal takes effect upon the full repayment of the member’s qualifying shares and deposits.

2000, c. 29, s. 203; 2018, c. 23, s. 125.

204. The board of directors, after informing a member in writing of the grounds invoked for the member’s suspension or expulsion and giving the member an opportunity to present observations, may suspend or expel the member if the member

(1)  does not comply with the by-laws of the credit union;

(2)  fails to fulfil the member’s undertakings toward the credit union;

(3)  on two or more occasions, presents or issues a cheque without sufficient funds;

(4)  despite a notice from the credit union, allows a savings account to remain overdrawn;

(5)  carries on an activity, determined by the federation, that represents an unacceptable financial risk for the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 204; 2003, c. 20, s. 8.

205. The minutes of the meeting of the board of directors at which a member is suspended or expelled must set forth the facts which justify the decision.

Within 15 days after the decision, the credit union shall transmit to the member, by any means enabling proof of receipt, a notice of the member’s suspension or expulsion, giving the reasons therefor.

2000, c. 29, s. 205.

206. No member may be suspended for more than six months.

2000, c. 29, s. 206.

207. The suspension or expulsion of a member takes effect upon the passing of the resolution of the board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 207.

208. A member who has been suspended loses the right to receive notice of, to attend or to vote at meetings of the credit union and to hold any office within the credit union, for the duration of the suspension.

2000, c. 29, s. 208.

DIVISION III GENERAL MEETING

209. The members of a credit union, except the auxiliary members, constitute the general meeting of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 209.

210. A natural person who is a member of a credit union may not be represented.

A legal person, a partnership or a group may be represented only by a natural person. No representative may act for more than one member.

2000, c. 29, s. 210.

211. A credit union may determine the cases in which meetings may be held by groups, on different dates and at different locations, and the communications equipment that may be used to enable participants to communicate with each other instantaneously.

2000, c. 29, s. 211; 2005, c. 35, s. 37.

212. Unless otherwise prescribed by by-law of the credit union, notice of a meeting must be sent to the members at their last address recorded in the registers of the credit union, not less than 10 nor more than 45 days before the date fixed for the meeting. The notice must also be sent to the federation within the same time.

The notice shall state the place, date and time of the meeting and the matters to be considered. Where applicable, it shall be accompanied with a copy or summary of any draft special resolution appearing on the agenda.

A representative of the federation may attend and address the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 212; 2018, c. 23, s. 127.

213. A member may waive notice of a meeting. The member’s mere attendance at a meeting is a waiver except where the member attends for the express purpose of objecting to the holding of the meeting on the ground that notice of the meeting was not given or was given irregularly.

2000, c. 29, s. 213.

214. Unless otherwise prescribed by by‑law of the credit union, the members attending a meeting, except the auxiliary members, constitute a quorum.

If the quorum fixed by by-law is not reached, the meeting may be called a second time. If the quorum is still not reached, the meeting may be validly held and must deal with the same matters as those stated in the first notice.

2000, c. 29, s. 214; 2018, c. 23, s. 128.

215. No member is entitled to more than one vote, regardless of the number of shares held.

2000, c. 29, s. 215.

216. A person who has been a member for less than 90 days is not entitled to vote at a meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 216.

216.1. Except when it is holding an election, the meeting shall make its decisions by a majority of the votes cast or, where this Act so provides, by a 2/3 majority of the votes cast.

Unless otherwise provided by the by‑laws of the credit union, in the event of a tie vote, the person chairing the meeting shall have a casting vote.

2018, c. 23, s. 129.

216.2. A decision that must be made by a majority of the votes cast at the general meeting is called a resolution or ordinary resolution; a decision that must be made by a 2/3 majority of the votes cast is called a special resolution.

2018, c. 23, s. 129.

217. In the case of the election of a member of the board of directors or of the board of supervision, decisions are taken in accordance with the by-laws of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 217; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 130.

217.1. If authorized by the by-laws of the credit union, the board of directors may establish the terms and conditions under which members may participate in a meeting by means of communications equipment enabling them to communicate with each other instantaneously and vote, provided that equipment is authorized by the federation.

If authorized by the by-laws of the credit union, the board of directors may also establish the terms and conditions governing advance polling in the context of a decision to be made or an election to be held at a meeting.

2005, c. 35, s. 7.

218. The by‑laws of the credit union are passed by special resolution of the general meeting.

The general meeting may, where applicable, delegate to the board of directors the power to pass by‑laws on the subjects determined by the general meeting, in accordance with the standards of the federation.

Any amendments made by a credit union to its by‑laws must be sent to the Authority and, if applicable, to the federation of which the credit union is a member.

2000, c. 29, s. 218; 2018, c. 23, s. 132.

219. A resolution signed by all the members entitled to vote on such resolutions has the same force as if it had been passed at a meeting.

Such a resolution shall be kept with the minutes of the meetings.

2000, c. 29, s. 219.

220. At any meeting, unless a ballot is demanded, a declaration by the chair that a resolution has been carried, and an entry to that effect in the minutes, shall be prima facie evidence of the fact, without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against the resolution.

However, members are elected to the board of directors or to the board of supervision by secret ballot.

2000, c. 29, s. 220; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

221. The annual meeting of a credit union shall be held within four months from the end of its fiscal year. The members shall be convened to

(1)  examine the annual report;

(2)  examine the report on the activities of the board of supervision;

(3)  decide upon the allocation of the annual surplus earnings;

(4)  if the credit union is not a member of a federation, determine, where applicable, the additional interest payable on capital shares out of the stabilization reserve and the surplus earnings;

(4.1)  decide on the payment of dividends from the reserve for future dividends and on the transfer of any sum from that reserve to the community development fund;

(5)  elect the members of the board of directors and of the board of supervision;

(6)  appoint an auditor, in the case of a credit union that is not a member of a federation;

(7)  make any decision reserved for the general meeting by this Act;

(8)  address oral questions to the members of the board of directors for a minimum period of time determined in the by-laws of the credit union;

(9)  address oral questions to the members of the board of supervision concerning the report on its activities, for a minimum period of time determined in the by-laws of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 221; 2003, c. 20, s. 9; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 133.

222. The board of directors, the board of supervision, the president or vice‑president of the board of directors of the credit union, the board of directors of the federation, or any other person determined by the by‑laws of the credit union may order that a special meeting be held whenever they consider it advisable.

2000, c. 29, s. 222; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 134.

223. The credit union must hold a special meeting on the requisition of a minimum number or percentage of members determined in accordance with the standards adopted by the federation. In the absence of standards to that effect, that number is equal to 2% of the total number of credit union members who are entitled to vote at such a meeting.

The requisition must specify the matters in respect of which a special meeting is required.

2000, c. 29, s. 223; 2007, c. 18, s. 4; 2018, c. 23, s. 135.

223.1. Business mentioned in a requisition to hold a meeting may not be presented at the meeting if

(1)  a meeting has already been called to discuss that business;

(2)  the business is not within the powers of the members;

(3)  the business is intended to enforce a personal claim or redress a personal grievance against the credit union or, if applicable, the federation or another member of the federation of which the credit union is a member, or their officers, managers or members;

(4)  the business does not relate in a significant way to the internal affairs or the activities of the credit union; or

(5)  the business has already been submitted to and rejected by the members within the year preceding the requisition.

The requisition is inadmissible if none of the business it mentions may be presented at the meeting.

2018, c. 23, s. 136.

224. If the meeting is not called within 30 days of the requisition made by the federation or the members, the federation or, as the case may be, two members who have signed the requisition may call the meeting. In the latter case, the members may obtain, free of charge, an extract from the securities register under section 133 containing the names and addresses of the persons who, at that time, hold qualifying shares issued by the credit union.

Unless the members object thereto by resolution at the meeting, the credit union shall reimburse those who called the meeting for reasonable expenses incurred by them to hold the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 224; 2018, c. 23, s. 137.

225. Only the matters specified in the notice of meeting may be considered at a special meeting. The matters specified in the requisition must also be stated in the notice, with an indication of those which may be decided by the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 225.

DIVISION IV MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION

§ 1 . — General provisions

226. Apart from the general meeting, the organs of a credit union are the board of directors and the board of supervision.

2000, c. 29, s. 226; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

227. A natural person who is a member of the credit union may be a member of its board of directors and of its board of supervision, unless that person is disqualified for office as a member of such boards.

In addition to persons disqualified for office as directors under the Civil Code, and persons convicted of an offence or an indictable offence involving fraud or dishonesty who have not obtained a pardon, the following persons are disqualified for office as members of a board:

(1)  a member who has been a member for less than 90 days, unless he or she is a founder;

(2)  an auxiliary member;

(3)  the chief manager of the credit union or another of its employees, or an employee of the federation, where applicable, or of another legal person or partnership belonging to the financial group;

(4)  a member of another board of the credit union;

(5)  an officer or employee of another credit union; and

(6)  a person dismissed in the past five years under section 118, 118.2 or 335.

2000, c. 29, s. 227; 2008, c. 7, s. 59; 2010, c. 40, s. 5; 2018, c. 23, s. 138.

228. The term of office of a member of the board of directors or of the board of audit and ethics is three years.

The by‑laws of the credit union must determine a mode of rotation so that 1/3 of the members of each of those organs, to the nearest whole number, are replaced each year.

The credit union may, for the purposes of this section, shorten or lengthen the term of office of the members of a board.

At the end of a term of office, a member shall remain in office until re-elected or replaced.

2000, c. 29, s. 228; 2018, c. 23, s. 139.

229. A decrease in the number of members of a board does not end the term of those who remain in office.

2000, c. 29, s. 229.

230. A member of a board may resign from office by giving notice to that effect.

The notice must include the reasons for the resignation.

2000, c. 29, s. 230; 2018, c. 23, s. 140.

231. A notice under section 230 must be given to the credit union and the Authority or, if the credit union is a member of a federation, to the federation.

A member of a board who in good faith gives such notice shall not thereby incur any civil liability.

2000, c. 29, s. 231; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 141.

232. In addition to the cases in which a member of a board may be dismissed by the federation, a member of a board may be dismissed by the general meeting, at an annual or special meeting, if the member has been informed in writing, within the same advance time as that prescribed for calling the meeting, of the grounds invoked for the dismissal and of the place, date and time of the meeting.

The member may give, in a written statement read by the person chairing the meeting, the grounds for the member’s opposition to the dismissal. The member may also address the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 232; 2018, c. 23, s. 142.

233. The minutes of the meeting at which a member of a board is dismissed must set out the facts which justify the decision.

The credit union, within 15 days of the decision, shall send to the member, by any means enabling proof of receipt, a notice of dismissal setting out the reasons for the dismissal. The credit union shall also send, within the same time limit, a copy of such notice to the federation.

A credit union or any of its officers or managers who, in good faith, present facts at the meeting that justify a dismissal shall not thereby incur any civil liability.

2000, c. 29, s. 233; 2018, c. 23, s. 143.

234. Subject to the power of the board of directors of the federation under the second paragraph of section 335 to fill a vacancy resulting from the dismissal of a member of a board, such a vacancy may be filled during the meeting during which the dismissal takes place provided that the notice of the meeting mentions that such an election may be held.

2000, c. 29, s. 234; 2018, c. 23, s. 144.

235. In the event of a vacancy, the members of a board may appoint a replacement for the unexpired portion of the term of office. If they fail to do so, the general meeting shall fill the vacancy.

If, due to vacancies, a quorum cannot be reached, a member of the board, two members of the credit union or the board of directors of the federation may order the secretary of the credit union to call a special meeting within 10 days to fill the vacancies.

If the secretary fails to act, the meeting may be called by the persons who ordered the holding of the meeting. The credit union shall reimburse those who called the meeting for reasonable expenses incurred by them to hold the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 235.

236. A member other than the president of the board of directors may only receive remuneration if remuneration for the office held by that member is permitted by the federation.

The member is remunerated in keeping with the standards established by the federation.

Board members are entitled to the reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred in the exercise of their functions.

In addition, the members of a board may be remunerated by the federation or by another legal person belonging to the financial group for the exercise of other functions within the federation or a legal person controlled by the federation. For the purposes of this Act, such members are deemed not to be employees on the ground that they have entered into a contract of employment in connection therewith.

2000, c. 29, s. 236; 2003, c. 20, s. 10; 2018, c. 23, s. 145.

236.1. A member of the board of a credit union that is not a member of a federation may be remunerated if permitted by the by-laws of the credit union in respect of the office held by the member.

The by-laws must specify the amount of the remuneration, which may vary according to the office the member holds.

Board members are entitled to the reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred in the exercise of their functions.

2003, c. 20, s. 11; 2018, c. 23, s. 146.

237. The members of a board may, if they all consent, participate in a meeting by means of communications equipment enabling participants to communicate with each other instantaneously. The members are deemed in that case to have attended the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 237; 2005, c. 35, s. 37.

238. A resolution in writing signed by all the members of a board who are entitled to vote has the same force as if it had been passed at a meeting of the board.

Such a resolution shall be kept with the minutes of the proceedings.

2000, c. 29, s. 238.

239. Any member of a board may waive, in writing, the notice of a meeting. The member’s mere attendance at the meeting is a waiver, except where the member attends for the express purpose of objecting to the holding of the meeting on the ground that notice of the meeting was given irregularly.

2000, c. 29, s. 239.

240. The decisions of a board are taken by a majority of the votes cast. In the event of a tie, the person chairing the meeting has a casting vote.

2000, c. 29, s. 240.

241. A member of a board present at a meeting is deemed to have consented to any resolution passed or action taken at the meeting, except if the member requests that the member’s dissent be recorded in the minutes before the meeting is adjourned or closed.

2000, c. 29, s. 241.

§ 2 . — Board of directors

242. The board of directors shall exercise all the powers necessary to manage, or supervise the management of, the internal affairs and the activities of the credit union, and those powers may be delegated to an officer, a manager or one or more committees of the board.

Except to the extent provided by law, the powers of the board of directors relating to the reception of deposits and the provision of credit and other products and services may not be restricted or withdrawn.

The by-laws of the credit union may determine the powers relating to the internal affairs of the credit union that the board of directors may exercise only with the authorization of the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 242; 2018, c. 23, s. 147.

242.1. A credit union must implement a policy to foster, in particular, the independence, competence and diversity of the members of its board of directors and of the members of the committees of the board.

2018, c. 23, s. 147.

243. The board of directors shall

(1)  ensure that the operations of the credit union and the credit union itself are in compliance with the applicable Acts, regulations, standards, rules of ethics and professional conduct, orders and written instructions;

(2)  ensure that the credit union adheres to sound and prudent management practices and, where the credit union is not a member of a federation, establish a policy for sound and prudent management practices;

(3)  provide the board of supervision with any personnel it requires to carry out its functions;

(4)  furnish to the Authority, on request, a certified copy of any document of the credit union;

(5)  ensure the keeping and preservation of the registers;

(6)  establish a charging policy for the products and services provided by the credit union and a policy for setting savings and credit interest rates;

(6.1)  determine the rate of interest on investment shares and, if the credit union is not a member of a federation, on capital shares;

(7)  make or control the investments of the credit union;

(8)  insure the credit union against the risks of fire, theft and embezzlement by its officers, managers and other employees, and provide the credit union with civil liability insurance and officers’ and managers’ liability insurance;

(9)  designate the persons authorized to sign contracts or other documents on behalf of the credit union;

(10)  at the annual meeting, give an account of its management and submit the annual report;

(11)  facilitate the work of the persons responsible for the inspection of the credit union, the supervision of its transactions or the audit of its books and accounts;

(12)  ensure that the internal affairs and the activities of the credit union are inspected in accordance with this Act; and

(13)  ensure that the executive committee, the audit committee and the special committees of the credit union act in accordance with their powers and duties and with any applicable Acts, regulations, standards and rules of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 243; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 8; 2018, c. 23, s. 148.

243.1. The board of directors shall also receive complaints from members, inform the board of supervision when a complaint has to do with the rules of ethics or professional conduct, and reply to the complainant.

A complainant who is not satisfied with the board’s reply may file a complaint with the federation.

The federation may make recommendations to the credit union in connection with a complaint filed with it.

2005, c. 35, s. 9.

244. The by‑laws of the credit union must determine the number of directors, which shall not be less than five nor more than 15.

2000, c. 29, s. 244; 2018, c. 23, s. 149.

245. The by‑laws of the credit union may divide its members into groups and grant each group the right to elect a specified number of directors.

No member of the board of directors thus elected shall be dismissed except by the members of the credit union who have the right to elect that member.

The by-laws of the credit union may also prescribe the number of directors elected by the members of such a group.

2000, c. 29, s. 245; 2018, c. 23, s. 150.

246. During or following the organization meeting and, subsequently, during or following the annual meeting, the board of directors shall choose from among its members a president, a vice-president and a secretary who shall be the president, vice-president and secretary of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 246.

246.1. The president is remunerated in keeping with the standards established by the federation.

2003, c. 20, s. 12.

247. The vice-president shall replace the president if the latter is absent or unable to act.

2000, c. 29, s. 247.

248. The board of directors shall meet when a meeting is called by the president or by two members in accordance with the by-laws of the credit union.

The federation may also call a meeting of the board of directors of the credit union. A representative of the federation may attend and address the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 248.

249. Unless otherwise provided in the by-laws of the credit union, the quorum at meetings of the board of directors is a majority of its members.

2000, c. 29, s. 249.

250. If authorized in the by-laws of the credit union, the board of directors may form an executive committee composed of directors, including the president, vice-president or secretary of the credit union.

The number of members of the executive committee may not exceed half the number of directors and may not be less than three.

2000, c. 29, s. 250.

251. The executive committee shall exercise the powers delegated to it by the board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 251.

252. In the event of a vacancy on the executive committee, the directors may appoint a substitute for the remainder of the term of office.

2000, c. 29, s. 252.

253. Sections 236 to 241 and 249 apply, with the necessary modifications, to the executive committee.

2000, c. 29, s. 253.

253.1. The board of directors shall also establish an audit committee made up of at least three board members.

The functions of the audit committee are:

(1)  to examine the reports of the federation’s inspection service and report to the board of directors;

(2)  to follow up its recommendations and the implementation of measures taken under paragraph 1;

(3)  to examine the audited annual financial statements or, if the credit union is a member of a federation, the financial report provided for in the second paragrah of section 133 and recommend their adoption by the board of directors.

The committee may also exercise any other function determined by the board of directors.

The committee is authorized to use any information relevant to the performance of its duties. For that purpose, section 263 applies to the audit committee.

2005, c. 35, s. 10; 2010, c. 40, s. 6; 2016, c. 7, s. 205.

254. The board of directors may set up special committees to examine particular matters or to facilitate the proper operation of the credit union.

The board of directors must set up a special committee at the request of the general meeting.

A special committee shall be composed of not fewer than three persons. It may comprise officers, managers, other employees and members of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 254; 2018, c. 23, s. 155.

255. The board of directors shall determine the functions and powers of special committees. In addition, it may authorize committees to use any information relevant to their terms of reference.

The members of special committees are bound by the same rules of ethics and professional conduct as those applicable to the officers.

2000, c. 29, s. 255; 2005, c. 35, s. 11.

256. Special committees shall exercise their powers and functions under the direction of the board of directors and shall report their findings and submit their recommendations to the board. A special committee formed at the request of the general meeting must report to the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 256.

§ 3 . — Board of supervision

2005, c. 35, s. 35.

257. The function of the board of supervision is to oversee the operations of the credit union from an ethical, professional and cooperative point of view.

The board of supervision shall, in particular,

(1)  ensure that the rules of ethics and professional conduct adopted by the board of ethics and professional conduct of the federation or, where the credit union is not a member of a federation, by the board of supervision itself, are observed;

(2)  ensure that the officers and managers of the credit union carry out their responsibilities properly;

(3)  ensure that the rights of the members are respected;

(4)  ensure that the credit union promotes economic and social education and education in the cooperative field;

(5)  ensure that the credit union promotes cooperation between its members, between its members and the credit union and between the credit union and other cooperative bodies;

(6)  ensure that the credit union’s commitment to the community is carried out efficiently and in conformity with its cooperative values;

(7)  ensure that cooperative values are integrated into the credit union’s management and commercial practices;

(8)  ensure that the admission of members and the suspension or expulsion of members are in compliance with the applicable legislative provisions and the by-laws of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 257; 2005, c. 35, s. 12; 2018, c. 23, s. 156.

258. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 258; 2002, c. 45, s. 315; 2005, c. 35, s. 13.

259. The board of supervision of a credit union that is not a member of a federation shall also assume the functions and powers of the board of ethics and professional conduct of a federation as provided for in section 346, with the necessary modifications.

The board of supervision shall also adopt rules of ethics and professional conduct setting out the cases in which the auditor appointed by the credit union and the auditor’s partners, if any, may contract with the credit union, and the conditions applying to such contracts.

The rules of ethics and professional conduct adopted by the board of supervision for the protection of the interests of the credit union and its members shall be submitted for approval to the board of directors of the credit union. The credit union shall transmit a copy of the rules to the Authority within 30 days of their approval.

2000, c. 29, s. 259; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 14; 2016, c. 7, s. 206.

260. The board of supervision of a credit union is composed of three members, or of a greater number that may be prescribed by by‑law of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 260; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 157.

260.1. The by‑laws of the credit union may divide its members into groups and grant each group the right to elect a specified number of members of the board of supervision.

No member of the board of supervision thus elected shall be dismissed except by the members of the credit union who have the right to elect that member.

The by-laws of the credit union may also prescribe the number of members of the board of supervision elected by the members of such a group.

2005, c. 35, s. 15; 2018, c. 23, s. 158.

261. At its first meeting after the organization meeting and, subsequently, during or following the annual meeting, the board of supervision shall choose a president and a secretary from among its members.

2000, c. 29, s. 261; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

262. The majority of the members constitutes a quorum at meetings of the board of supervision.

2000, c. 29, s. 262; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

263. The board of supervision has access to the books, records, accounts and any other document of the credit union, and every person having custody of them must facilitate its examination of them. It may require the officers, managers and other employees of the credit union to produce any document or information useful for the carrying out of its functions.

2000, c. 29, s. 263; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 159.

264. The board of supervision may, where it considers it necessary, require that a special inspection be carried out.

2000, c. 29, s. 264; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

265. The board of supervision may suspend a manager, any other employee or an officer of the credit union or request that the federation intervene to that effect. Before rendering its decision, the board shall serve on the person concerned advance notice of not less than three clear days mentioning the grounds which justify such decision, the date on which it will become effective and the possibility of presenting observations.

Where the board is of the opinion that any delay could seriously compromise the interests of the members of the credit union, it may render its decision without giving the person advance notice or an opportunity to present observations. Such a decision is effective for no more than 10 days.

Within five days following the suspension, the board shall notify, in writing, the board of directors, the federation and the Authority in the case of the suspension of an officer or manager.

2000, c. 29, s. 265; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 160.

266. The board of supervision shall report its observations to the board of directors and may, if it considers it appropriate, submit recommendations.

The board shall also report its observations to the board of ethics and professional conduct of the federation.

The board of ethics and professional conduct of the federation must also be notified, as soon as practicable, of any cases where the rules of ethics and professional conduct were not observed. In the case of a credit union that is not a member of a federation, the Authority must be notified.

2000, c. 29, s. 266; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 16.

267. If the board of directors of a credit union fails to resolve a conflict of interest or to enforce a rule of ethics and professional conduct, the board of supervision may act in its stead or request that the federation intervene to that effect, in accordance with the intervention procedure provided for in the rules of ethics and professional conduct applicable to it.

2000, c. 29, s. 267; 2005, c. 35, s. 17.

268. The board of supervision shall notify the board of directors and the federation immediately, in writing, if it believes that the credit union is contravening a rule of ethics or professional conduct.

The board of supervision shall notify the Authority where, in its opinion, the board of directors and the federation are neglecting to take, as soon as possible under the circumstances, the necessary measures to remedy the situation identified in the notice.

2000, c. 29, s. 268; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 18.

269. Upon receipt of the periodical inspection report, the board of supervision shall submit its recommendations to the board of directors. It may also call a special meeting to lay any matter brought up in the report before the members.

2000, c. 29, s. 269; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

270. The board of supervision shall submit a general report on its activities to the board of directors at the end of the fiscal year of the credit union and shall present it at the annual meeting.

The report shall make particular mention of the measures implemented by the credit union to prevent or resolve conflicts of interest, and where credit is extended to restricted parties, to comply with the applicable rules of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 270; 2005, c. 35, s. 19.

DIVISION V AMALGAMATION

2001, c. 36, s. 41.

§ 1 . — General provision

2018, c. 23, s. 161.

270.1. The following may amalgamate with each other:

(1)  credit unions that are not members of any federation;

(2)  credit unions that are members of the same federation; or

(3)  credit unions that are members of the same federation and credit unions that are not members of any federation.

The regular or long form of amalgamation may, in cases allowing it, be replaced by amalgamation by absorption.

2018, c. 23, s. 161.

§ 2 . — Long‑form amalgamation

2018, c. 23, s. 161.

271. The amalgamating credit unions shall prepare an amalgamation agreement, in duplicate, setting out

(1)  the name of the amalgamated credit union and the judicial district in which its head office will be situated;

(2)  the name and address of each of the first members of the board of directors and of the board of supervision;

(3)  the mode of election of subsequent members of the board of directors and of the board of supervision;

(4)  the number of shares issued by each of the amalgamating credit unions or a statement that all such shares will be converted into shares of the amalgamated credit union, the price of each share and the manner of converting them into shares of the amalgamated credit union;

(5)  the conditions and restrictions concerning the exercise of certain powers or the pursuit of certain activities;

(6)  (paragraph repealed);

(7)  (paragraph repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 271; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 162.

272. The amalgamation of a credit union that is a member of a federation with another credit union requires the consent of that federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 272; 2018, c. 23, s. 163.

273. The amalgamating credit unions may determine, in the amalgamation agreement,

(1)  the common characteristic shared by the members that the amalgamated credit union may recruit, other than auxiliary members;

(2)  the allocation of the surplus earnings accumulated up to the date of amalgamation;

(3)  any other measure to complete the amalgamation or relating to the organization and management of the amalgamated credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 273.

274. Each credit union shall adopt the amalgamation agreement, by special resolution, at a special meeting. The resolution must designate the person authorized to sign the articles of amalgamation and the accompanying application. The vote of the members shall be attested by the secretary.

2000, c. 29, s. 274; 2018, c. 23, s. 164.

275. The notice calling the special meeting must state that the member may receive, free of charge, a copy of the amalgamation agreement.

A copy of the notice and the amalgamation agreement shall be transmitted, within the time prescribed for calling the meeting, to the federation. A representative of the federation may attend and address the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 275.

276. Once the amalgamation agreement is adopted by each of the amalgamating credit unions, the latter shall jointly prepare articles of amalgamation which must contain the particulars that are required to be included in the articles of constitution of a credit union, except the particulars concerning the founders. In addition, they must contain the information required under paragraph 1 of section 271.

2000, c. 29, s. 276; 2018, c. 23, s. 165.

277. The articles of amalgamation, prepared in duplicate and signed by the person authorized for that purpose by each of the amalgamating credit unions shall be transmitted to the Authority within nine months of the adoption of the first of the special resolutions adopting the amalgamation agreement.

2000, c. 29, s. 277; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 166.

278. The articles of amalgamation must be accompanied with

(1)  a joint application requesting the Authority to authorize the amalgamation of the credit unions, signed by the persons authorized for that purpose;

(2)  a copy of the amalgamation agreement;

(3)  a certified copy of each special resolution adopting the amalgamation agreement and of the attestation provided for in section 274;

(4)  a memorandum signed by the person authorized by each amalgamating credit union setting forth the reasons for and objectives of the amalgamation;

(5)  a notice of the address of the head office of the amalgamated credit union;

(6)  a notice determining the date of the fiscal year of the amalgamated credit union and stating the name of the auditor, if any;

(7)  (paragraph repealed);

(8)  a copy of a document attesting the consent of the federation required under section 272; and

(9)  the budgeted statements of the assets, liabilities and results for the first year of operation of the amalgamated credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 278; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 167.

279. The Authority may require such additional documents or information as the Authority indicates for the examination of the application.

2000, c. 29, s. 279; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

280. Upon receipt of the articles of amalgamation and accompanying documents, the fees prescribed by regulation of the Government and any additional document or information required by the Authority, the Authority may authorize the amalgamation if the Authority considers it advisable.

For that purpose, the Authority, in addition to the procedure set out in subparagraphs 3 to 6 of the second paragraph of section 15, shall endorse the words “amalgamated credit union” on each copy of the articles of amalgamation and prepare, in duplicate, a certificate attesting the amalgamation and stating its date of effect, which may be subsequent to the date on which the certificate is made.

The Authority shall transmit a copy of the certificate attesting the amalgamation to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 280; 2002, c. 45, s. 316; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

281. On the effective date of the amalgamation, the amalgamating credit unions are continued as the amalgamated credit union and their patrimonies are joined together to form the patrimony of the amalgamated credit union. The rights and obligations of the amalgamating credit unions become those of the amalgamated credit union and the latter becomes a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the amalgamating credit unions were a party.

If one of the amalgamating credit unions is a member of a federation, the amalgamated credit union is, by operation of law, a member of that federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 281; 2018, c. 23, s. 168.

§ 3 . — Amalgamation by absorption

2018, c. 23, s. 169.

282. Credit unions may also amalgamate by absorption. A credit union may absorb another credit union provided the liabilities of the absorbed credit union, consisting of the deposits of its members, do not exceed 25% of the equivalent liabilities of the absorbing credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 282.

282.1. In an amalgamation by absorption,

(1)  the officers of the amalgamated credit union are those of the absorbing credit union;

(2)  the mode of election of the officers to be elected after the amalgamation is the same as that prescribed for the election of the officers of the absorbing credit union;

(3)  the composition of the share capital of the amalgamated credit union is that of the share capital of the absorbing credit union, and the shares of the amalgamating credit unions are converted into shares of the amalgamated credit union;

(4)  the provisions of the articles of amalgamation concerning the head office, as well as the conditions and restrictions concerning the exercise of certain powers or the pursuit of certain activities, are identical to those set out in the articles of the absorbing credit union; and

(5)  the by‑laws of the amalgamated credit union are those of the absorbing credit union.

2018, c. 23, s. 170.

282.2. In an amalgamation by absorption, the absorbing credit union may approve the amalgamation agreement provided for in section 271 by a simple resolution of its board of directors.

The absorbing credit union must send a certified copy of the resolution to the Authority and the federation.

2018, c. 23, s. 170.

283. The provisions relating to a long‑form amalgamation apply, in all other respects, to an amalgamation by absorption, with the necessary modifications.

2000, c. 29, s. 283; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 171.

284. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 284; 2018, c. 23, s. 172.

DIVISION V.1 CONTINUANCE UNDER THIS ACT

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.1. If the Minister allows it, a cooperative that is established under an Act of a jurisdiction other than Québec and that has a mission similar to that of a credit union within the meaning of this Act, but whose principal establishment is located outside Québec, may continue as such a credit union if

(1)  the Act governing it allows such continuance;

(2)  either a federation agrees to admit it as a member once it is continued and undertakes to furnish, at the request of the Authority, guarantees that the Authority considers sufficient to ensure the protection of the credit union’s members, or the cooperative itself furnishes guarantees that the Authority considers sufficient to ensure such protection; and

(3)  it will be able to retain its principal establishment outside Québec.

The guarantees required for the purposes of subparagraph 2 of the first paragraph may be furnished by a security fund rather than a federation.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.2. Continuance requires the filing of an application for the Minister’s permission, together with articles of continuance, with the Authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.3. The articles of continuance must contain the particulars required to be set out in the articles of constitution of a credit union, except the particulars concerning the founders and, if the credit union resulting from the continuance is a member of a federation, the particulars concerning the head office.

A cooperative that continues as a credit union governed by this Act may, by those articles, make any amendment to its constituting act that such a credit union may make to its articles under this Act.

The articles of continuance must also contain the title of and exact reference to the Act under which the cooperative was constituted and the date of constitution or, if applicable, the date of the most recent continuance or conversion.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.4. The application filed with the Authority must be accompanied with

(1)  the articles of continuance;

(2)  a notice containing the names and addresses of the directors;

(3)  a notice containing the address of the cooperative’s principal establishment;

(4)  if applicable, a copy of the document attesting the federation’s consent under subparagraph 2 of the first paragraph of section 284.1;

(5)  the documents attesting the guarantees provided for in subparagraph 2 of the first paragraph of section 284.1;

(6)  the budgeted statements of the assets and liabilities and of the results for the first year of the credit union’s activities following the continuance;

(7)  a report assessing the needs to be met by the continuance of the cooperative; and

(8)  the fees prescribed by regulation of the Government.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.5. The Authority may require any additional documents or information it specifies for the purpose of examining the application.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.6. After receiving the application for permission referred to in section 284.2, the required documents and fees and any additional documents or information it requires, the Authority shall prepare a report on the reasons for granting or denying the application.

The report must also include the information from the report the Authority must prepare under section 14 when processing an application requesting the Minister to authorize the constitution of a financial services cooperative.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.7. To the extent that the proposed name of the credit union is compliant with the requirements of this Act, the Authority shall send its report to the Minister together with the application.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.8. The Minister may, if the Minister considers it advisable, allow the continuance of the cooperative.

If the Minister allows the cooperative’s continuance, the Authority shall process the articles of continuance received and issue the certificate and the copies of it in accordance with the second paragraph of section 15.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.9. The continuance certificate issued by the Authority attests the continuance of the cooperative as a credit union governed by this Act as of the date and, if applicable, the time shown on the certificate.

As of that date and time, the articles of continuance are deemed to be the articles of constitution of the credit union; if the latter is a member of a federation, the head office of the credit union is deemed to be situated at the head office of the federation.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.10. The rights, obligations and acts of a cooperative continued as a credit union under this Act, and those of the members of the cooperative, are unaffected by the continuance.

The continued credit union shall remain a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the cooperative was a party.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

284.11. The Authority shall send a copy of the certificate of continuance to the authority responsible for the administration of the Act that governed the cooperative before its continuance.

2018, c. 23, s. 173.

CHAPTER IX FEDERATION

DIVISION I MEMBERS

285. In addition to the auxiliary members, only credit unions may be members of a federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 285.

286. A cooperative established outside Québec having a similar mission to that of a financial services cooperative within the meaning of this Act may be admitted by a federation, but only as an auxiliary member.

Any other user of its services, except a credit union established under this Act, may also be admitted as an auxiliary member.

2000, c. 29, s. 286; 2018, c. 23, s. 174.

287. The by-laws of a federation may determine one or several classes of auxiliary members, prescribe the conditions of admission applicable to such members, define their rights and obligations and prescribe criteria or conditions applicable to the withdrawal, suspension or expulsion of auxiliary members.

2000, c. 29, s. 287; 2018, c. 23, s. 175.

287.1. The by-laws of a federation may determine one or more categories of participating auxiliary members from among the auxiliary members referred to in the first paragraph of section 286. The by‑laws shall stipulate the conditions that the participating auxiliary members must meet in order to exercise their voting rights and be eligible to office.

2003, c. 20, s. 13; 2018, c. 23, s. 175.

288. Subject to the provisions of the by‑laws of the federation made under section 287, auxiliary members have the rights and obligations arising from their status as members but, with the exception of participating auxiliary members, they do not have voting rights and their representatives are not eligible to office.

2000, c. 29, s. 288; 2003, c. 20, s. 14; 2018, c. 23, s. 176.

288.1. The voting rights allotted to participating auxiliary members in accordance with the criteria determined by the by‑laws of the federation must not exceed the limits determined by regulation of the Government. In no case may such members be permitted to exercise together more than 30% of the voting rights at a general meeting of the federation.

2003, c. 20, s. 15; 2018, c. 23, s. 177.

289. To become a member of a federation, a credit union must

(1)  apply for admission, except in the case of a founding credit union;

(2)  undertake to comply with the by-laws and standards of the federation;

(3)  subscribe and pay for one qualifying share or any other number of qualifying shares that the by‑laws of the federation may prescribe;

(4)  be admitted by the federation, except in the case of a founding credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 289; 2018, c. 23, s. 178.

290. A federation may accept an application for admission submitted by the founders of a credit union. The admission becomes effective upon the constitution of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 290.

291. The by‑laws of a federation shall determine the other conditions of admission applicable to its members, define their rights and obligations as members and prescribe the conditions applicable to the withdrawal or expulsion of members.

2000, c. 29, s. 291; 2018, c. 23, s. 179.

292. Every decision of a federation concerning the admission or expulsion of a credit union shall be immediately transmitted to the credit union and to the Authority.

The decision of a federation to expel a credit union shall become effective only once

(1)  another federation has undertaken to admit the credit union as a member, or once the new federation the constitution of which the credit union has applied for is constituted and the credit union has received articles of amendment to be affiliated therewith;

(2)  the credit union has amalgamated with a credit union affiliated with another federation;

(3)  the credit union is dissolved; or

(4)  the credit union is exempted from compliance with section 186 by the Minister.

2000, c. 29, s. 292; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

DIVISION II GENERAL MEETING

293. The general meeting of a federation shall consist of the persons designated by the credit unions and of the other persons determined by the by‑laws of the federation.

The organization meeting shall, however, consist of the persons who signed the articles of constitution in their capacity as representatives.

2000, c. 29, s. 293; 2018, c. 23, s. 180.

294. The by‑laws of a federation shall determine

(1)  the manner in which credit unions and any participating auxiliary members are to be represented at meetings;

(2)  criteria for determining the number of representatives and votes to which each credit union and each participating auxiliary member, if any, is entitled;

(3)  rules for the calling of members to meetings;

(4)  procedural rules for the annual meeting and for special meetings;

(5)  the cases in which meetings may be held by groups, on different dates and at different locations, and the communications equipment that may be used to enable participants to communicate with each other instantaneously.

2000, c. 29, s. 294; 2003, c. 20, s. 16; 2005, c. 35, s. 37; 2018, c. 23, s. 181.

294.1. If authorized by the by-laws of the federation, the board of directors may establish the terms and conditions under which members may participate in a meeting by means of communications equipment enabling them to communicate with each other instantaneously and vote.

If authorized by the by-laws of the federation, the board of directors may also establish the terms and conditions governing advance polling in the context of a decision to be made or an election to be held at a meeting.

2005, c. 35, s. 20.

295. The by‑laws of the federation may divide the credit unions and any participating auxiliary members into groups and establish a council of representatives for each group.

2000, c. 29, s. 295; 2003, c. 20, s. 17; 2018, c. 23, s. 183.

296. Notwithstanding sections 293 and 294, where the by‑laws of a federation establish councils of representatives, the members of the councils, the president of the federation and any other person determined by by-law constitute the general meeting of the federation.

The members of a council of representatives represent all the credit unions belonging to the group at the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 296; 2018, c. 23, s. 184.

297. The by-laws of the federation must, when establishing councils of representatives, prescribe 

(1)  groups for the purpose of electing the members of the council of representatives;

(2)  the number of councils of representatives and their functions and operating rules;

(3)  the criteria to be used in determining the number of representatives and votes to which each credit union is entitled for the purpose of electing the members of a council of representatives;

(4)  the manner in which the representatives referred to in paragraph 3 are to be appointed by the credit unions and convened to meetings to elect the members of the councils of representatives;

(5)  the rules governing the terms of office of the members of the councils of representatives;

(6)  the rules governing the convening of the members of the councils of representatives to the general meeting;

(7)  the rules of procedure for the annual meeting, for special meetings, for meetings of the representatives of credit unions convened to elect the members of the councils of representatives, and for meetings of the councils of representatives;

(8)  the cases in which the meetings referred to in paragraph 7 may be held by groups, on different dates and at different locations, and the communications equipment that may be used to enable participants to communicate with each other instantaneously;

(9)  any other measures or rules relating to the organization of the councils of representatives.

2000, c. 29, s. 297; 2003, c. 20, s. 18; 2005, c. 35, s. 37; 2018, c. 23, s. 185.

297.1. In addition to the reimbursement of reasonable expenses incurred in the exercise of their functions, the members of a council of representatives shall receive an attendance allowance in the amount set by the board of directors. The aggregate amount paid in that regard may not exceed the amount set by the general meeting. No allowance may be paid before the maximum amount has been set by the general meeting.

2003, c. 20, s. 19.

298. A natural person who is an auxiliary member of a federation may not be represented at a meeting.

A legal person, a partnership or a group of persons that is an auxiliary member shall be represented by a single natural person. No representative may act for more than one auxiliary member.

The second paragraph does not apply to participating auxiliary members.

2000, c. 29, s. 298; 2003, c. 20, s. 20.

299. Subject to paragraph 2 of section 294, a member of the general meeting is entitled to one vote.

2000, c. 29, s. 299.

299.1. Except when it is holding an election, the meeting shall make its decisions by a majority of the votes cast or, where this Act so provides, by a 2/3 majority of the votes cast.

Unless otherwise provided by the by‑laws of the federation, in the event of a tie vote, the person chairing the meeting shall have a casting vote.

2018, c. 23, s. 186.

299.2. A decision that must be made by a majority of the votes cast at the general meeting is called a resolution or ordinary resolution; a decision that must be made by a 2/3 majority of the votes cast is called a special resolution.

2018, c. 23, s. 186.

300. The by-laws of the federation are adopted by special resolution of the general meeting.

The general meeting may delegate to the board of directors, to a council of representatives or to another organ of the federation the power to adopt by‑laws specific to the federation on subjects determined by the general meeting.

Any amendments to the by-laws of the federation must be sent to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 300; 2003, c. 20, s. 21; 2018, c. 23, s. 186.

301. A resolution signed by all the persons entitled to vote has the same force as if it had been passed at a meeting.

Such a resolution shall be kept with the minutes of the meetings.

2000, c. 29, s. 301.

302. At any meeting, unless a vote by ballot is demanded, a declaration by the chair that a resolution has been carried, and an entry to that effect in the minutes, shall be prima facie evidence of the fact, without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

However, members are elected to the board of directors or to the board of ethics and professional conduct by secret ballot.

2000, c. 29, s. 302; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

303. The annual meeting of a federation shall be held within four months from the end of its fiscal year. The members shall be convened to

(1)  examine the annual report;

(2)  examine the report on activities of the board of ethics and professional conduct;

(3)  decide upon the allocation of the annual surplus earnings;

(4)  (paragraph repealed);

(5)  elect the members of the board of ethics and professional conduct and, subject to the by‑laws of the federation, the members of the board of directors;

(6)  appoint an auditor;

(7)  make any decision reserved for the general meeting by this Act;

(8)  address oral questions to the members of the board of directors during a minimum period of time determined by the by-laws of the federation;

(9)  address oral questions to the members of the board of ethics and professional conduct and concerning the report on its activities during a minimum period of time determined by the by-laws.

2000, c. 29, s. 303; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 187.

304. The board of directors, the board of ethics and professional conduct, the president or vice‑president of the federation, or any person determined by by‑law of the federation, may order that a special meeting be held whenever considered advisable.

2000, c. 29, s. 304; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 188.

305. The federation must hold a special meeting upon the requisition of 100 members of the general meeting, of 1/3 of its members or of the number of members necessary to constitute the quorum where so provided in its by‑laws.

The requisition must specify the matters in respect of which a special meeting is required.

2000, c. 29, s. 305; 2018, c. 23, s. 189.

305.1. Business mentioned in a requisition to hold a meeting may not be presented at the meeting if

(1)  a meeting has already been called to discuss that business;

(2)  the business is not within the powers of the members;

(3)  the business is intended to enforce a personal claim or redress a personal grievance against the federation or a credit union, or their officers, managers or members;

(4)  the business does not relate in a significant way to the internal affairs or the activities of the federation; or

(5)  the business has already been submitted to and rejected by the members within the year preceding the requisition.

The requisition is inadmissible if none of the business it mentions may be presented at the meeting.

2018, c. 23, s. 190.

306. If the meeting is not called within 30 days of the requisition made by the members, two members who have signed the requisition may call the meeting. In the latter case, the members may obtain a copy of the list of members of the general meeting and their addresses.

Unless the members object thereto by resolution at the meeting, the federation shall reimburse those who called the meeting for reasonable expenses incurred by them to hold the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 306.

307. Only the matters specified in the notice of meeting may be considered at a special meeting. The matters specified in the requisition must also be stated in the notice, with an indication of those which may be decided by the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 307.

DIVISION III MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION

§ 1 . — Provisions applicable to the board of directors and board of ethics and professional conduct

2005, c. 35, s. 36.

308. Apart from the general meeting, the organs of a federation are the board of directors and the board of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 308; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

309. The members of the board of directors, except the president of the federation, are elected or appointed from among the members of the general meeting, unless they are elected in accordance with the by-laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 309; 2018, c. 23, s. 191.

310. The term of office of the members of a board is three years, except for the term of office of the president of the federation.

The by-laws of the federation must provide for a mode of rotation so that 1/3 of the members of a board, to the nearest whole number, are replaced each year.

The federation may, for the purposes of this section, shorten or lengthen the term of office of the members of a board.

On the expiry of a member’s term of office, the member shall remain in office until re-elected or replaced.

2000, c. 29, s. 310; 2018, c. 23, s. 192.

311. A decrease in the number of members of a board does not end the term of those who remain in office.

2000, c. 29, s. 311.

312. Unless otherwise provided in the by-laws of a federation, in the event of a vacancy, the members of a board may appoint a replacement for the unexpired portion of the term of office. If they fail to do so, the general meeting shall fill the vacancy.

If, due to vacancies, a quorum cannot be reached, two members of the federation or a member of a board may order the secretary of the federation to call a special meeting within 10 days to fill the vacancies.

If the secretary fails to act, the meeting may be called by the persons who ordered the holding of the meeting. The federation shall reimburse those who called the meeting for reasonable expenses incurred by them to hold the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 312; 2018, c. 23, s. 193.

313. A member of a board may resign from office by giving notice to that effect.

The notice must include the reasons for the resignation.

2000, c. 29, s. 313; 2018, c. 23, s. 194.

314. A notice under section 313 must be given to the federation and the Authority.

A board member who in good faith gives such notice shall not thereby incur any civil liability.

2000, c. 29, s. 314; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 195.

315. No member of a board may be dismissed by the general meeting, at an annual or special meeting, unless the member has been informed in writing, within the same advance time as that prescribed for calling the meeting, of the grounds for dismissal and of the place, date and time of the meeting.

The member may give, in a written statement read by the person chairing the meeting, the grounds for the member’s opposition to the dismissal. The member may also address the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 315.

316. The minutes of the meeting at which a member of a board is dismissed must state the facts which justify the decision.

The federation, within 15 days of the decision, shall send to the member, by any means enabling proof of receipt, a notice of dismissal setting out the reasons for the dismissal. The federation shall also send, within the same time limit, a copy of such notice to the Authority.

A federation or any of its officers or managers who, in good faith, present facts at the meeting that justify a dismissal shall not thereby incur any civil liability.

2000, c. 29, s. 316; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 196.

317. A vacancy resulting from the dismissal of a member of a board may be filled during the meeting at which the dismissal takes place provided that the notice of the meeting mentions that such an election or designation may take place.

2000, c. 29, s. 317.

318. The members of a board may, if they all consent, participate in a meeting by means of communications equipment enabling participants to communicate with each other instantaneously. The participants are deemed in that case to have attended the meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 318; 2005, c. 35, s. 37.

319. A resolution signed by all the members entitled to vote has the same force as if it had been passed at a meeting.

A copy of such a resolution shall be kept with the minutes of the proceedings.

2000, c. 29, s. 319.

320. Any member of a board may waive, in writing, the notice of a meeting of the board. Mere attendance by the member at the meeting is a waiver, except where the member attends for the express purpose of objecting to the holding of the meeting on the ground that notice of the meeting was given irregularly.

2000, c. 29, s. 320.

321. The decisions of a board are taken by a majority of the votes cast. In the event of a tie, the person presiding the meeting has a casting vote.

2000, c. 29, s. 321.

322. A member of a board present at a meeting is deemed to have approved any resolution passed or measure taken at the meeting except if the member requests that the member’s dissent be entered in the minutes before the meeting is adjourned or closed.

2000, c. 29, s. 322.

323. The members of a board shall receive, in addition to the reimbursement of reasonable expenses they incur in the exercise of their functions, an attendance allowance in an amount fixed by the board of directors. The aggregate amount paid in that respect may not, however, exceed the amount fixed by the general meeting for each board. No allowance shall be paid before the maximum amount has been fixed by the general meeting.

The directors may be remunerated in accordance with the by‑laws of the federation.

For the purposes of this Act, the directors, other than the president, vice-president and secretary of the federation, are deemed to not be employees of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 323; 2018, c. 23, s. 197.

§ 2 . — Board of directors

324. The board of directors shall exercise all the powers necessary to manage, or supervise the management of, the internal affairs and the activities of the federation, and those powers may be delegated to an officer, a manager or one or more of the board’s committees.

Except to the extent provided by law, the powers of the board of directors relating to the reception of deposits and the provision of credit and other products and services may not be restricted or withdrawn.

The by‑laws of the federation may determine the powers relating to the internal affairs of the federation that the board of directors may exercise only with the authorization of the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 324; 2018, c. 23, s. 198.

324.1. A federation must implement a policy to foster, in particular, the independence, competence and diversity of the members of its board of directors and of the members of the committees of the board.

2018, c. 23, s. 198.

325. The board of directors shall, in particular,

(1)  observe and enforce the regulations made by the Government for the purposes of this Act, the by-laws of the federation, and the rules of ethics and professional conduct, standards, orders and written instructions issued under this Act;

(2)  establish a policy applicable to the federation regarding sound and prudent management practices;

(3)  provide the board of ethics and professional conduct with any personnel it requires to carry out its functions;

(4)  furnish to the Authority, on request, a certified copy of any document of the federation;

(5)  ensure the keeping and preservation of the registers;

(6)  determine the rate of interest on the shares issued by the federation, other than qualifying shares, and a policy for setting the federation’s savings and credit interest rates;

(6.1)  determine the rate of interest on capital shares issued by credit unions that are members of the federation;

(7)  make or control the investments of the federation;

(8)  insure the federation against the risks of fire, theft or embezzlement by its officers, managers and other employees, and provide the federation with civil liability insurance and officers’ and managers’ liability insurance;

(9)  designate the persons authorized to sign contracts or other documents on behalf of the federation;

(10)  at the annual meeting, give an account of its management and present the annual report;

(11)  facilitate the work of the persons responsible for the inspection of the federation, the supervision of its transactions or the audit of its books and accounts.

2000, c. 29, s. 325; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 21; 2018, c. 23, s. 199.

326. The by‑laws of the federation must prescribe the number of directors, which shall not be less than five.

The board of directors must be composed of a majority of directors who do not hold office as chief manager of the federation or of a credit union and who are not persons determined by the by‑laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 326; 2018, c. 23, s. 200.

327. The by‑laws of the federation may establish the procedure for electing or appointing directors, and the manner in which the board of directors is to be formed.

2000, c. 29, s. 327; 2018, c. 23, s. 201.

328. In addition to persons disqualified for office as directors under the Civil Code, and persons convicted of an offence or an indictable offence involving fraud or dishonesty who have not obtained a pardon, the following persons are disqualified for office as members of the board of directors:

(1)  an employee of the federation or of one of its member credit unions, except a chief manager;

(2)  a member of the board of ethics and professional conduct;

(3)  an officer, manager or other employee of another federation;

(4)  a person dismissed in the past five years under section 118, 118.2 or 335; and

(5)  a person otherwise disqualified under the by‑laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 328; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2008, c. 7, s. 60; 2018, c. 23, s. 202.

329. During or after the organization meeting and during or after each ensuing annual meeting, the board of directors shall elect the president, vice-president and secretary of the board of directors from among its members, in accordance with the by-laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 329.

330. The by-laws of the federation must set out the number of times that a board member’s term of office may be renewed, whether consecutively or otherwise.

2000, c. 29, s. 330; 2018, c. 23, s. 204.

331. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 331; 2018, c. 23, s. 205.

332. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 332; 2018, c. 23, s. 205.

333. Within 30 days after a change is made among the directors of the board of directors, the federation shall give notice of the change to the Authority, together with a list containing the name and address of each director.

The Authority shall transmit the list of the names and addresses of officers to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 333; 2002, c. 45, s. 317; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

334. Unless otherwise provided in the by-laws of the federation, a majority of the members constitutes a quorum at meetings of the board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 334.

335. The board of directors of a federation may, at the request of the board of supervision of a credit union, suspend or dismiss any manager, other employee or officer of the credit union by following the procedure required prior to a decision to be rendered under section 265. It may, on its own initiative and in accordance with that procedure, suspend or dismiss an officer or manager who does not fulfil his or her obligations.

If the suspended or dismissed person is the chief manager or an officer of a credit union, the federation may designate a replacement for the duration of the suspension or for the interim period until the credit union replaces that person.

2000, c. 29, s. 335; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 207.

336. The board of directors of the federation may in addition, at the request of the board of supervision of a credit union, intervene in respect of that credit union to resolve a conflict of interest or to apply a rule of ethics or professional conduct, in accordance with the intervention procedure established in the rules of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 336; 2005, c. 35, s. 22.

336.1. For the purposes of paragraph 5 of section 204, the federation may determine the activities that represent an unacceptable financial risk for the credit union when they are exercised by a member of that credit union.

2003, c. 20, s. 22.

337. If so authorized by the by-laws of the federation, the board of directors may establish any committee of the board.

2000, c. 29, s. 337; 2018, c. 23, s. 208.

338. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 338; 2018, c. 23, s. 209.

339. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 339; 2018, c. 23, s. 209.

340. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 340; 2018, c. 23, s. 209.

341. The board of directors may form special committees to examine particular matters or to facilitate the proper operation of the federation.

The board of directors shall form a special committee at the request of the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 341; 2018, c. 23, s. 210.

342. A special committee shall be composed of not fewer than three persons. It may comprise officers, managers, other employees and members of the federation and the credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 342; 2018, c. 23, s. 211.

343. The board of directors shall determine the functions and powers of special committees. In addition, it may authorize the committees to use any information relevant to the fulfilment of their mandate.

The members of special committees are bound by the same rules of ethics and professional conduct as those applicable to officers.

2000, c. 29, s. 343; 2005, c. 35, s. 23.

344. Special committees shall exercise their powers under the direction of the board of directors and shall report their findings and recommendations to the board of directors. Any special committee formed at the request of the general meeting shall report to the general meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 344.

§ 3 . — Board of ethics and professional conduct

2005, c. 35, s. 36.

345. The function of the board of ethics and professional conduct is to

(1)  see to the independence and impartiality of the inspection service;

(2)  ensure that the rules of ethics and professional conduct it adopts are observed;

(3)  intervene at the request of the board of directors or the board of supervision of a credit union to resolve a situation of conflict of interest;

(4)  perform any mandate concerning ethics or professional conduct entrusted to it by the board of directors;

(5)  advise the board of directors to take any decision to implement, apply and review the policies and orientations of the federation, particularly the arrangements made for protecting the interests of the federation and its members.

2000, c. 29, s. 345; 2005, c. 35, s. 24; 2016, c. 7, s. 207.

346. The board of ethics and professional conduct of the federation shall adopt rules of ethics and professional conduct relating to the protection of the interests of the federation, the credit unions and their members.

The rules shall concern, in particular, the procedure governing contracts with restricted parties, the conditions applicable to the credit extended to restricted parties, the protection of confidential information held by the federation and credit unions, and the conduct required of the federation and credit unions in cases where their interest or that of a legal person belonging to the same financial group is in conflict with that of their members.

The rules shall also set out the procedure which the board of supervision of a credit union or the board of ethics and professional conduct or the board of directors of the federation must follow when intervening to resolve a conflict of interest or applying rules of ethics or professional conduct in respect of the credit union or the federation.

The board of ethics and professional conduct may adopt rules of ethics and professional conduct concerning officers, managers and other employees of the federation and credit unions and of officers of other legal persons belonging to the financial group.

2000, c. 29, s. 346; 2005, c. 35, s. 25; 2018, c. 23, s. 212.

347. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall adopt rules of ethics and professional conduct applicable to the persons in charge of the inspection of the credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 347; 2005, c. 35, s. 26; 2016, c. 7, s. 208.

348. The rules of ethics and professional conduct adopted by the board of ethics and professional conduct must be submitted for approval to the board of directors of the federation, which may not amend them.

Within 30 days of the approval of such rules, the federation shall transmit a copy to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 348; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 27.

349. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall, in addition to its main function, receive any complaints from the members of the federation, including auxiliary members where permitted by the by-laws of the federation, inform the other organs of the federation if need be, reply to the complainants and verify whether corrective measures are required and if they are applied.

2000, c. 29, s. 349; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

350. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall notify the board of directors promptly, if

(1)  the rules of ethics or professional conduct are not observed;

(2)  in its opinion, the federation is contravening a provision of this Act or the regulations or by-laws in connection with insider trading and the rules on conflict of interest.

The board of ethics and professional conduct shall notify the Authority where it considers that the federation is neglecting to take the necessary measures in a timely manner, having regard to the circumstances, to remedy the situation identified in the notice.

2000, c. 29, s. 350; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 28.

351. The board of ethics and professional conduct has access to the books, records, accounts and other documents of the federation, and every person having custody of them must facilitate its examination of them. It may require the officers, managers and other employees of the federation to furnish any document or information useful for the carrying out of its functions.

2000, c. 29, s. 351; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 214.

352. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall report its observations to the board of directors and, if it considers it appropriate, make recommendations to the board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 352; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

353. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall each year transmit to the Authority, within four months of the closing date of the fiscal year of the federation, a report of its activities in matters of ethics and professional conduct.

The report shall indicate the cases where the rules of ethics or professional conduct were not observed.

2000, c. 29, s. 353; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 29.

354. The board of ethics and professional conduct may make observations and recommendations respecting the application of the rules of ethics or professional conduct to the federation and credit unions.

The board of ethics and professional conduct shall also give its opinion on any question submitted to it by an officer, a manager, the board of directors or the board of supervision of a credit union or by an officer, a manager or the board of directors of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 354; 2005, c. 35, s. 30; 2018, c. 23, s. 215.

355. The board of ethics and professional conduct may suspend any manager, other employee or officer of the federation. Before rendering its decision, the board shall serve on the person concerned a prior notice of not less than three clear days mentioning the grounds which justify such decision, the date on which it will become effective and the possibility of presenting observations.

Where the board is of the opinion that any delay could prejudice the interests of the members of the federation, it may render an interim decision without giving the person advance notice or an opportunity to present observations. Such a decision shall be effective for not more than 10 days.

Within five days after the decision, the board shall notify, in writing, the board of directors of the federation and, in the case of the suspension of an officer or manager, the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 355; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 216.

356. Upon receipt of the periodical inspection report, the board of ethics and professional conduct shall submit its recommendations to the board of directors and may call a special meeting to lay any matter brought up in the report before the members.

2000, c. 29, s. 356; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

357. The board of ethics and professional conduct shall submit a general report on its activities to the board of directors at the end of the fiscal year of the federation and shall present it at the annual meeting.

The report shall make particular mention of the measures taken by the federation to prevent or resolve conflicts of interest and, where credit has been extended to restricted parties, the report shall demonstrate compliance with the applicable rules of ethics and professional conduct and the applicable standards.

2000, c. 29, s. 357; 2005, c. 35, s. 31.

358. Where the board of directors fails to resolve a conflict of interest or to apply a rule of ethics or professional conduct, the board of ethics and professional conduct may act in its stead.

2000, c. 29, s. 358; 2005, c. 35, s. 32.

359. The federation must, in its by‑laws, establish the number of members of the board of ethics and professional conduct, which must not be fewer than five.

2000, c. 29, s. 359; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 217.

360. The federation may, in its by‑laws, establish the procedure for electing the members of the board of ethics and professional conduct and the manner in which the board is to be formed.

2000, c. 29, s. 360; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2018, c. 23, s. 218.

361. In addition to persons disqualified for office as directors under the Civil Code, and persons convicted of an offence or an indictable offence involving fraud or dishonesty who have not obtained a pardon, the following persons may not be members of the board of ethics and professional conduct:

(1)  an employee of the federation or of one of its member credit unions;

(2)  a member of the board of directors of the federation;

(3)  an officer, manager or other employee of another federation;

(4)  a person dismissed in the past five years under section 118, 118.2 or 335; and

(5)  a person otherwise disqualified under the by‑laws of the federation.

The directors, officers or employees of a legal person belonging to the financial group, other than a credit union or a federation, and the shareholders holding 10% or more of the voting rights attached to the shares of the legal persons belonging to the financial group may not be members of the board of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 361; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2008, c. 7, s. 61; 2018, c. 23, s. 219.

362. At its first meeting after the organization meeting and, subsequently, during or after the annual meeting, the board of ethics and professional conduct shall choose a president and a secretary from among its members.

2000, c. 29, s. 362; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

363. The majority of the members constitutes a quorum at meetings of the board of ethics and professional conduct.

2000, c. 29, s. 363; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

DIVISION IV ACTIVITIES AND POWERS

§ 1 . — General provisions

364. In addition to the other powers it may exercise under this Act, the federation may

(1)  examine the books and accounts of any credit union;

(2)  enter into an agreement with the board of directors of a credit union entrusting the federation with the supervision, direction or administration of the affairs of the credit union for a specified period;

(3)  develop and provide any service for the benefit of the members of a credit union;

(4)  participate with a credit union in the establishment and administration of the services that the credit union may provide;

(5)  act, for the purposes of this Act, as the temporary or provisional administrator or as the liquidator of a credit union;

(6)  act as the liquidator or sequestrator for the performance of an obligation secured by hypothec of which a credit union is a creditor;

(7)  make gifts in its name and in that of the credit unions.

For the purposes of subparagraph 3 of the first paragraph, a service may be developed or provided by a legal person or partnership chosen by the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 364; 2010, c. 40, s. 7; 2018, c. 23, s. 220.

365. A credit union is deemed to be a party to an agreement in order to benefit from the advantages resulting from a service referred to in subparagraph 3 of the first paragraph of section 364 if notice of a resolution of the federation to that effect, passed by a 2/3 majority of the votes cast by the members of its board of directors, has been sent to the credit union. However, a credit union may withdraw from the agreement by forwarding to the federation a copy of the resolution to that effect passed by its board of directors.

2000, c. 29, s. 365; 2010, c. 40, s. 8.

366. Where the members of a credit union benefit from a service referred to in section 365, the federation or, if applicable, a legal person or partnership chosen by the federation may act as the mandatary of the credit union and, as mandatary, the federation shall have all the powers that may be exercised by the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 366; 2010, c. 40, s. 9; 2018, c. 23, s. 221.

366.1. The federation is required to prepare the credit unions’ financial reports.

The federation shall determine the procedure for preparing the credit unions’ financial reports; the procedure must be submitted for approval to the Authority.

2016, c. 7, s. 209; 2018, c. 23, s. 222; 2021, c. 34, s. 43.

367. The federation may enter into a contract with a third party that binds the credit unions where the credit unions or their members avail themselves of the benefit stipulated in the contract.

2000, c. 29, s. 367; 2018, c. 23, s. 223.

368. The federation may, as an ancillary activity, offer or provide to any person or partnership the services it uses for its own benefit, the benefit of its members or the benefit of partnerships or legal persons belonging to the financial group.

2000, c. 29, s. 368; 2018, c. 23, s. 224.

369. The federation may adopt standards applicable to the activities and management practices of its member credit unions.

It must, however, adopt standards applicable to those credit unions as regards

(1)  their commercial practices;

(2)  the contents of the financial report provided for in the second paragraph of section 135;

(3)  the hiring of the chief manager, his or her conditions of employment and the termination of his or her contract of employment;

(4)  the management of their capital and assets;

(5)  the processing of complaints and resolution of disputes;

(6)  their investments; and

(7)  the reserves to be maintained for doubtful debts and contingent losses.

A standard adopted under subparagraph 2 of the second paragraph is subject to the Authority’s approval.

2000, c. 29, s. 369; 2003, c. 20, s. 23; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2007, c. 18, s. 5; 2016, c. 7, s. 210; 2018, c. 23, s. 225.

370. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 370; 2007, c. 18, s. 6; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

371. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 371; 2003, c. 20, s. 24; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

372. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 372; 2003, c. 20, s. 25; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

372.1. (Repealed).

2008, c. 7, s. 62; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

373. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 373; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

374. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 374; 2018, c. 23, s. 226.

375. The federation may, when adopting standards concerning credit unions, establish various classes of persons and partnerships and various classes of activities and operations, and prescribe conditions, restrictions and terms applicable to each class.

Such standards may in addition determine, according to the provisions contained therein, the measures that may be taken following a failure to apply them.

2000, c. 29, s. 375; 2018, c. 23, s. 227.

376. The federation shall transmit the by‑laws and standards it has adopted to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 376; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 228.

377. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 377; 2002, c. 45, s. 318; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2008, c. 7, s. 63; 2018, c. 23, s. 229.

378. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 378; 2018, c. 23, s. 229.

379. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 379; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 229.

380. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 380; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 229.

381. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 381; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 229.

382. The federation may withdraw or restrict the power of any member credit union to allocate its surplus earning or its shareable reserves.

2000, c. 29, s. 382; 2018, c. 23, s. 230.

382.1. After informing a member of a credit union in writing of the grounds invoked and giving the member an opportunity to submit observations, the federation may suspend or expel the member from the credit union if it believes that the member’s activities

(1)  represent an unacceptable financial risk for the credit union; or

(2)  are contrary to the credit union’s interests.

Before exercising the power given it in the first paragraph, the federation must inform the credit union of its intention and give it an opportunity to submit observations.

The federation informs the credit union of its decision. The credit union informs the member and enters the decision in its register.

2003, c. 20, s. 26.

§ 2 . — Assessments

383. The by‑laws of the federation may fix for each fiscal year a regular assessment and any other assessment it considers necessary.

The board of directors of a federation fixes, by resolution, the assessments it considers necessary for the pursuit of the federation’s missions.

A credit union that is a member of the federation is bound to pay those assessments.

2000, c. 29, s. 383; 2018, c. 23, s. 231.

384. A federation may also, by resolution of its board of directors, fix an assessment in respect of a credit union which agrees to avail itself of special services offered by the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 384.

385. Credit unions shall furnish to the federation any report that it may require pursuant to its standards to determine the amount of assessments.

2000, c. 29, s. 385.

§ 3 . — Examination of complaint records

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.1. A federation must adopt a policy on the examination of complaint records for complaints filed by complainants who are clients of its member credit unions.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.2. A federation must also keep a register of the complaint records submitted for its examination.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.3. Within 10 days after receiving a complaint record, the federation must send the complainant a notice stating the date of receipt and the complainant’s right under section 385.4 to have the record reviewed by the Authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.4. A complainant whose complaint record has been sent to the federation may, if dissatisfied with the examination carried out by the federation or its outcome, request the federation to have the record reviewed by the Authority.

The federation is bound to comply with the request and send the record to the Authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.5. Sections 131.4 to 131.6 apply, with the necessary modifications, to the review of the record and to conciliation or mediation to which the federation is a party.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

385.6. On the date set by the Authority, a federation shall send it a report on the complaint record examination policy adopted in accordance with section 385.1 stating in particular the number of complaint records that the federation has registered in the register of complaint records submitted for its examination and their nature.

The report must cover the period determined by the Authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 232.

DIVISION V AUDITS, INSPECTIONS, EXAMINATIONS AND INVESTIGATIONS

386. The federation must establish and maintain a credit union inspection service.

2000, c. 29, s. 386; 2016, c. 7, s. 211.

387. The board of directors of the federation shall appoint, for a term of five years, on the recommendation of the board of ethics and professional conduct, a person to be in charge of inspections. The person appointed shall manage the inspection service, his or her term of office may be renewed, and he or she may not be dismissed without the Authority’s prior approval.

The board shall appoint a substitute in case the person in charge of inspections is absent or unable to act.

2000, c. 29, s. 387; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 36; 2016, c. 7, s. 212; 2018, c. 23, s. 233.

388. The board of directors of a federation must form an audit and inspection commission composed of members of the board of directors. In no case may a majority of the members of the commission hold office as chief manager of credit unions or of the federation. The commission must be composed of not fewer than three members.

2000, c. 29, s. 388; 2018, c. 23, s. 234.

389. The audit and inspection commission must examine the following before they are approved by the board of directors:

(1)  every financial statement referred to in section 424 and every report transmitted to the Authority under section 426;

(2)  every auditor’s report under section 158;

(3)  every matter prescribed by by-law of the federation; and

(4)  every matter prescribed by government regulation.

2000, c. 29, s. 389; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

390. The audit and inspection commission must transmit to the Authority, each year, a report on its activities up to the balance sheet date of the last fiscal year of the federation.

The report must be transmitted within four months from that date. The report must indicate, in particular, the membership of the commission, the changes in its membership, and the terms of reference of any mandate entrusted to the commission.

2000, c. 29, s. 390; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

391. The federation shall inspect the internal affairs and the activities of a credit union, or the activities carried on on its behalf, at the intervals the federation considers appropriate. Inspections shall be conducted at least once every three years.

2000, c. 29, s. 391; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 236.

392. The purpose of periodic inspections is to evaluate the policies and practices and the internal control systems of a credit union and to ensure that it is complying with the laws, regulations, by-laws, standards and written instructions that are applicable to it.

2000, c. 29, s. 392; 2016, c. 7, s. 213.

393. The federation must inspect the internal affairs and the activities of a credit union at the request of the board of supervision of the credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 393; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

394. Where the person in charge of inspections considers it advisable, the federation may inspect all or part of the internal affairs and the activities of a credit union, an association of credit unions or a partnership or legal person controlled by a credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 394.

395. The federation shall conduct examinations and investigations into the internal affairs and the activities of credit unions to assess the quality of their management and ensure that the standards applicable to them are observed.

2000, c. 29, s. 395.

396. Any person making an inspection or examinations and investigations under this division may

(1)  enter, at any reasonable time, the establishment of a person, association or partnership referred to in section 394 under inspection or examination and investigation;

(2)  examine and make copies of the books, registers, accounts, records and other documents relating to the activities of the credit union or to conflicts of interest involving its officers or managers;

(3)  require any information or document relating to the administration of this Act;

(4)  require any information or document concerning the credit union or conflicts of interest involving its officers or managers or concerning the partnerships or legal persons belonging to the financial group to which the credit union belongs.

Every person having custody, possession or control of the books, registers, accounts, records and other documents shall, at the request of the person making the inspection or the examinations and investigations, permit access to and facilitate the examination of the documents.

2000, c. 29, s. 396; 2018, c. 23, s. 237.

397. The person making an inspection or examinations and investigations shall, on request, identify himself or herself and produce a certificate of the federation attesting the person’s capacity.

2000, c. 29, s. 397.

398. No one may hinder the work of any person making an inspection or examinations and investigations, in particular by misleading the person.

2000, c. 29, s. 398.

399. The federation shall inform the Authority and the board of directors of the credit union of the results of the inspection, and the board of supervision in respect of matters under its jurisdiction. It shall, in addition, transmit a copy of its inspection report to the Authority.

The inspection report provided for in the first paragraph must, in particular, state whether, in the opinion of the person making the inspection, the management practices adopted by the credit union as regards insider trading and conflicts of interest are adequate and if the credit union is in compliance with them.

The information and inspection report transmitted to the Authority under the first paragraph shall only concern matters within the Authority’s jurisdiction.

The federation shall also inform the security fund belonging to the cooperative group of the results of the inspection of the affairs of the credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 399; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 33; 2016, c. 7, s. 214; 2018, c. 23, s. 238.

400. The federation may convene the board of directors and the board of supervision of the credit union that was inspected or that controls the legal person or partnership that was inspected to present the inspection report to them.

2000, c. 29, s. 400; 2005, c. 35, s. 35.

401. The federation may order that a special meeting of the credit union be called to inform the members of the credit union of the results of the inspection or examinations and investigations.

Alternatively, the federation may inform the members of the credit union at the annual meeting.

2000, c. 29, s. 401.

402. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 402; 2016, c. 7, s. 215.

DIVISION VI SPECIAL POWERS

2000, c. 29, Div. VI; 2018, c. 23, s. 239.

§ 1 . — Powers of the federation

2018, c. 23, s. 240.

402.1. If the federation considers that a credit union is not adhering to sound and prudent management practices or sound commercial practices, has contravened this Act or an instrument adopted under this Act, has failed to resolve a conflict of interest or has failed to maintain a satisfactory financial position, it may

(1)  give written instructions to the credit union respecting the measures it considers appropriate to remedy the situation, and specify the time within which the credit union is required to comply with those instructions;

(2)  order the credit union to adopt and implement a compliance program in accordance with its directives, within the time it prescribes and for the reasons it specifies.

In addition, the federation may give written instructions to a credit union at the request of the credit union’s board of supervision.

Before giving written instructions or issuing an order, the federation must notify the credit union and give it an opportunity to present observations.

2018, c. 23, s. 240.

402.2. The written instructions given by a federation under this Act are binding on the persons to whom they are addressed.

2018, c. 23, s. 240.

403. A federation may suspend the powers of the board of directors or board of supervision of a credit union for a maximum period of 30 days and appoint a provisional administrator to exercise the responsibilities of the board temporarily, as soon as the federation has reason to believe that

(1)  there has been misappropriation or embezzlement;

(2)  there has been a serious fault or substantial breach in the performance of obligations on the part of the board of directors or of an officer or manager of the credit union; or

(3)  control over the property of the credit union is insufficient to adequately protect its members’ rights.

2000, c. 29, s. 403; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 241.

404. Before ordering a suspension under section 403, the federation must inform the members of the board of directors or the board of supervision whose powers are to be suspended of the reasons advanced by the federation and give them an opportunity to present observations.

However, urgent action is required or to prevent irreparable injury, the federation may order such a suspension even if the board members have not been informed or have not had an opportunity to present observations.

2000, c. 29, s. 404; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2005, c. 35, s. 35; 2018, c. 23, s. 242.

405. The provisional administrator cannot be prosecuted by reason of any act done in good faith in the exercise of the provisional administrator’s functions.

2000, c. 29, s. 405.

406. The provisional administrator shall, as soon as practicable, submit to the federation and to the Authority, a detailed report of the provisional administrator’s findings together with recommendations.

2000, c. 29, s. 406; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

407. The costs, fees and expenses of the provisional administration are chargeable to the administered credit union.

2000, c. 29, s. 407.

407.1. If a credit union fails to comply with written instructions or an order under section 402.1 or if, after expiry of the 30‑day period provided for in the first paragraph of section 403, the findings or recommendations contained in the report of the provisional administrator under section 406 so warrant, the federation may take one or more of the following measures:

(1)  enter with the board of supervision of the credit union into an agreement entrusting the federation with the supervision, management or administration of the affairs of the credit union for a specified period;

(2)  designate a person to work, under the control of the federation, with the board of directors, an officer or a manager for the period determined by the federation; and

(3)  suspend the powers of a board for the period determined by the federation or extend the 30‑day suspension ordered under section 403, dismiss and replace an officer or manager of the credit union, or appoint a provisional administrator or extend his or her term, as the case may be.

Before exercising the powers under the first paragraph, the federation must notify the credit union and any officers or managers concerned of its intention and give them an opportunity to present observations.

2018, c. 23, s. 243.

§ 2 . — Powers of the Authority

2018, c. 23, s. 243.

407.2. The federation must notify the Authority, within 10 days, of any instructions given or orders made under section 402.1, of any suspension ordered under section 403 or of any measure taken under section 407.1.

The federation must also notify the Authority of any failure on the part of a credit union to comply with written instructions given or an order issued under section 402.1.

2018, c. 23, s. 243.

407.3. The Authority may, after giving the federation and the credit union an opportunity to present written observations within the time determined by the Authority, approve with or without amendment the written instructions given, or the order issued, by the federation.

Once approved, the written instructions or order of the federation are deemed to be, as the case may be, written instructions or order of the Authority.

2018, c. 23, s. 243.

407.4. If the Authority believes that the federation is neglecting to exercise the powers granted to it under subparagraph 1 or 2 of the first paragraph of section 402.1 or under the first paragraph of section 407.1, the Authority may, after giving the federation an opportunity to present written observations within a specified time, give the credit union or the federation the written instructions it considers appropriate.

2018, c. 23, s. 243.

DIVISION VII FUNDS OF A FEDERATION

§ 1 . — General provisions

408. The by-laws of the federation may establish any fund.

2000, c. 29, s. 408; 2018, c. 23, s. 244.

409. The by-laws of the federation must contain provisions concerning the administration of the funds it establishes.

The federation may adopt an investment policy for each of the funds established by its by‑laws.

2000, c. 29, s. 409; 2018, c. 23, s. 244.

410. Any deposit made into a fund constitutes a claim against the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 410.

411. The deposits made into a fund become payable upon the winding-up of the federation. Any deposit made by a credit union becomes payable upon the winding-up of the credit union or upon its ceasing to be a member of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 411.

412. The assets of the funds are not separate from those of the federation. However, the federation’s by‑laws may establish a fund whose assets are separate from those of the federation and shall alone serve to guarantee the obligations contracted for the purposes of the fund.

Where the by-laws of the federation so provide, the assets of a fund may constitute a trust patrimony appropriated to a specified purpose. The federation may acquire the assets of such a fund.

2000, c. 29, s. 412; 2018, c. 23, s. 245.

413. A federation may, with the authorization of and on the conditions determined by the Authority, entrust all or part of the management of the funds it has established to any other person.

The person must undertake, in writing, to transmit annual statements to the Authority along with any other statement or information the Authority requires and allow the Authority to exercise the powers set out in section 556 for the purpose of verifying the accuracy of the statements and information.

2000, c. 29, s. 413; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

§ 2 . — Investment fund

414. An investment fund of the federation shall consist of the sums entrusted to the fund as consideration for shares and of the revenue derived from the operations of the fund.

2000, c. 29, s. 414; 2018, c. 23, s. 246.

415. The federation may issue shares in relation to an investment fund. The shares shall not bear interest.

Shares in relation to an investment fund are capital shares within the meaning of the first paragraph of section 54 even if they do not bear interest. They may be paid for in cash in accordance with section 48 but they may also, despite that section, be paid for by converting or exchanging all or some of the other shares issued by the federation.

Despite section 56, such shares have no par value.

2000, c. 29, s. 415; 2018, c. 23, s. 247.

416. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 416; 2018, c. 23, s. 248.

417. The shares in relation to an investment fund give entitlement to a share of the net assets of the fund and the holders of the shares shall share the net revenue therefrom in accordance with the by-laws of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 417; 2018, c. 23, s. 249.

418. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 418; 2018, c. 23, s. 250.

419. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 419; 2018, c. 23, s. 251.

§ 3 . — Share purchase fund

420. The by-laws of a federation may establish a separate fund to purchase capital shares or investment shares issued by credit unions.

The fund may also be used to purchase capital shares or investment shares already issued by the federation to a member described in subparagraph 5 of the second paragraph of section 55. Shares so purchased cannot be resold except to a member described in that subparagraph.

The by-law may in addition

(1)  prescribe the conditions and method of operation of such a fund;

(2)  fix for each fiscal year of the fund the assessment that each credit union must pay into the fund, or the method for calculating such assessment.

Dividends allotted by a credit union and paid into the fund established by the credit union pursuant to subparagraph 2 of the second paragraph of section 55 may be used by that fund for the acquisition, for the benefit of credit union members participating in the fund, of shares held by the fund established under the first paragraph.

2000, c. 29, s. 420; 2010, c. 40, s. 10; 2018, c. 23, s. 252.

421. A fund established under section 420 shall receive the sums borrowed for its funding and the proceeds of the sale by the federation of shares held by the fund.

2000, c. 29, s. 421.

422. The assets of a fund established under section 420 shall be separate from those of the federation and shall alone serve for the performance of the obligations contracted for the purposes of the fund by the trust company authorized under the Trust Companies and Savings Companies Act (chapter S-29.02) entrusted with the administration of the fund.

Notwithstanding the first paragraph, in the event of the winding-up of the network, any balance remaining in the fund, after all its debts have been paid, shall serve for the payment of the other debts of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 422; 2018, c. 23, s. 253.

423. The provisions of subdivision 1 do not apply to the fund as regards the purchase of shares.

2000, c. 29, s. 423.

DIVISION VIII FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

424. The annual report of the federation must include, in addition to the information required under sections 161 to 167,

(1)  a statement of the sums deposited by the credit unions or administered on their behalf, established according to the various classes of deposits, according to their respective maturity dates, and showing the average annual return obtained by each class;

(2)  a statement of the credit extended and investments, established according to the various classes of credit or investments, according to their respective maturity dates, and showing the average annual return obtained by each class;

(3)  the net value of an investment fund and the method for calculating the value of the fund;

(4)  a statement showing the consolidation value of any investment in shares of the same legal person carrying 20% or more of the voting rights and any investment in voting shares of a controlled legal person;

(5)  a statement of the assets and liabilities and an operating statement of the federation, the credit unions and any legal person or partnership determined by the federation, presented in consolidated form, according to generally accepted accounting principles, and audited by an auditor;

(6)  if the federation is not a reporting issuer within the meaning of the Securities Act (chapter V-1.1), a statement of the remuneration received by the five most highly compensated officers of the financial group to which the federation belongs setting out separately, for each of them, salaries, bonuses and any other form of remuneration.

However, the Authority may, in respect of specified financial statements and where the Authority considers it expedient, prescribe accounting standards that include particular requirements or requirements different from those applicable according to generally accepted accounting principles. The standards may include discretionary requirements.

The Regulations Act (chapter R-18.1) does not apply to such standards or draft standards.

2000, c. 29, s. 424; 2003, c. 20, s. 27; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2009, c. 27, s. 5; 2010, c. 40, s. 11; 2018, c. 23, s. 254.

425. Every member who requests a copy of the annual report is entitled to one, free of charge, as of the 10th day preceding the annual meeting at which the report will be presented.

2000, c. 29, s. 425; 2018, c. 23, s. 255.

426. The federation shall transmit to the Authority, every three months, a report on the adequacy of its capital to ensure the sustainability of its network, a report on the adequacy of its assets to meet the liabilities of the financial services cooperatives belonging to the network and any other report required by the Authority.

Every credit union that is not a member of a federation shall also transmit to the Authority, every three months, a report on the adequacy of its capital to ensure it sustainability, a report on the adequacy of its assets to meet its liabilities and any other report required by the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 426; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 256.

427. The federation shall, in addition to the other reports it produces pursuant to this Act, transmit, every year, to the Authority the annual financial statements of each holding company controlled by it and, every three months, its consolidated and unconsolidated financial statements.

For the purposes of the first paragraph, the federation’s consolidated financial statements are those of the financial group to which it belongs. For the purposes of this paragraph, any auxiliary member that is a cooperative established under an Act of a jurisdiction other than Québec and that has a mission similar to that of a credit union within the meaning of this Act, but whose principal establishment is located outside Québec belongs to that financial group.

2000, c. 29, s. 427; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2016, c. 7, s. 216; 2018, c. 23, s. 257; 2021, c. 34, s. 44.

DIVISION IX AMALGAMATION

428. Two or more federations may amalgamate. The amalgamating federations shall prepare an amalgamation agreement, in duplicate, setting out

(1)  the name of the amalgamated federation and the judicial district of its head office;

(2)  the name and address of each of the first members of the board of directors and of the board of ethics and professional conduct;

(3)  the mode of election or appointment of subsequent members of the board of directors and of the board of ethics and professional conduct;

(4)  the number of shares issued by each of the amalgamating federations or a statement that all such shares will be converted into shares of the amalgamated federation, the price of each share and the manner of converting them into shares of the amalgamated federation;

(5)  the conditions and restrictions concerning the exercise of certain powers or the pursuit of certain activities.

2000, c. 29, s. 428; 2005, c. 35, s. 36.

429. The amalgamating federations may determine, in the amalgamation agreement,

(1)  the common characteristic shared by the members that may be recruited by the amalgamated federation, other than auxiliary members;

(2)  the allocation of the surplus earnings accumulated up to the date of amalgamation;

(3)  any provision relating to the application of sections 294 to 297;

(4)  any other measure to complete the amalgamation or relating to the organization and management of the amalgamated federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 429.

430. Each federation shall adopt the agreement, by special resolution, at a special meeting. The resolution must designate the person authorized to sign the articles of amalgamation and the accompanying application. The vote of the members shall be attested by the secretary of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 430; 2018, c. 23, s. 258.

431. The notice calling the special meeting shall state that the member may receive, free of charge, a copy of the amalgamation agreement.

2000, c. 29, s. 431.

432. Once the amalgamation agreement is adopted by each of the amalgamating federations, the latter shall jointly prepare articles of amalgamation which must contain the particulars that are required to be included in the articles of constitution of a federation, except the particulars concerning the founders. In addition, they must contain the information required under paragraph 1 of section 428.

2000, c. 29, s. 432; 2018, c. 23, s. 259.

433. The articles of amalgamation, prepared in duplicate and signed by the person authorized for that purpose by each of the amalgamating federations, shall be transmitted to the Authority within nine months of the adoption of the first of the special resolutions adopting the amalgamation agreement.

2000, c. 29, s. 433; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 260.

434. The articles of amalgamation must be accompanied with

(1)  a joint application requesting the Authority to authorize the amalgamation of the federations, signed by the persons authorized for that purpose;

(2)  a copy of the amalgamation agreement;

(3)  a certified copy of each special resolution adopting the amalgamation agreement and of the attestation provided for in section 430;

(4)  a memorandum signed by the person authorized by each amalgamating federation setting forth the reasons for and objectives of the amalgamation;

(5)  a notice of the address of the head office of the amalgamated federation;

(6)  a notice determining the fiscal year of the amalgamated federation and stating the name of the auditor;

(7)  the budgeted statements of the assets and liabilities and of the results for the first year of operation of the amalgamated federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 434; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 261.

435. The Authority may require such additional documents or information as the Authority indicates for the examination of the application.

2000, c. 29, s. 435; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

436. Upon receipt of the articles of amalgamation and accompanying documents, the fees prescribed by regulation of the Government and any additional document or information required by the Authority, the Authority may authorize the amalgamation if the Authority considers it advisable.

For that purpose, the Authority, in addition to the procedure set out in subparagraphs 3 to 5 of the second paragraph of section 15, shall endorse the words “amalgamated federation” on each copy of the articles of amalgamation and prepare, in duplicate, a certificate attesting the amalgamation and stating its date of effect, which may be subsequent to the date on which the certificate is made.

The Authority shall send a copy of the certificate attesting the amalgamation to the enterprise registrar who shall deposit it in the enterprise register.

2000, c. 29, s. 436; 2002, c. 45, s. 319; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2010, c. 40, s. 92.

437. On the effective date of the amalgamation, the amalgamating federations are continued as the amalgamated federation and their patrimonies are joined together to form the patrimony of the amalgamated federation. The rights and obligations of the amalgamating federations become those of the amalgamated federation and the latter becomes a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the amalgamating federations were a party.

2000, c. 29, s. 437; 2018, c. 23, s. 262.

438. Two or more federations may also amalgamate by absorption. A federation may absorb another federation provided the liabilities of the absorbed federation, consisting of the deposits of its members, do not exceed 25% of its own such liabilities.

2000, c. 29, s. 438.

439. Sections 428 to 436 apply, with the necessary modifications, to an amalgamation by absorption.

2000, c. 29, s. 439; 2018, c. 23, s. 263.

440. On the effective date of the amalgamation, the absorbed federation is continued as the absorbing federation and their patrimonies are joined together to form the patrimony of the absorbing federation. The rights and obligations of the absorbed federation become those of the absorbing federation and the latter becomes a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the absorbed federation was a party.

2000, c. 29, s. 440; 2018, c. 23, s. 264.

CHAPTER X CAPITAL

2000, c. 29, c. X; 2018, c. 23, s. 265.

DIVISION I FEDERATION AND CREDIT UNIONS NETWORK

440.1. The sound and prudent management practices that the financial services cooperatives belonging to a network must adhere to must, in particular and with regard to their financial management, provide for the maintenance of adequate capital to ensure the network’s sustainability.

The management practices that the federation is required to adhere to must, in addition, provide for the maintenance, by the federation, of adequate capital to ensure its own sustainability.

2018, c. 23, s. 266.

441. A federation shall ensure that its network maintains adequate capital to ensure its sustainability.

The federation shall adopt standards applicable to credit unions respecting the adequacy of their capital, the elements which compose their capital and the proportion represented by each element.

2000, c. 29, s. 441; 2018, c. 23, s. 267.

442. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 442; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 268.

443. Where the Authority considers that the capital of a network is not adequate to ensure its sustainability, the Authority may order the federation to adopt to the Authority’s satisfaction, within the time prescribed and for the reasons indicated by the Authority, a compliance program for the federation and the credit unions.

Before exercising the powers set out in the first paragraph, the Authority shall notify the federation and give it an opportunity to present observations.

2000, c. 29, s. 443; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 269.

444. The compliance program shall describe the measures to be implemented by the federation within the time limits indicated therein.

2000, c. 29, s. 444; 2018, c. 23, s. 270.

445. The compliance program adopted by the federation shall be submitted for approval to the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 445; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 271.

446. The federation and the credit unions are bound to implement the compliance program approved by the Authority. In addition, the federation shall be responsible for seeing to it that the program is implemented by the credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 446; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 272.

447. The federation and the credit unions must furnish to the Authority any report the Authority may require on the implementation of the compliance program, at such intervals, in such form and of such tenor as may be determined by the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 447; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

448. Where, following an order of the Authority under section 443, the federation is required to implement a compliance program, the powers set out in section 402.1 shall, while the program is in effect, be exercised by the Authority, after obtaining the advice of the federation.

2000, c. 29, s. 448; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 273.

449. The Authority may implement a compliance program that the federation has neglected to implement.

2000, c. 29, s. 449; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

449.1. If the Authority considers that the federation’s capital is inadequate to ensure the federation’s sustainability, sections 443 to 449 apply to the federation, excluding the credit unions belonging to its network.

2018, c. 23, s. 274.

DIVISION II CREDIT UNIONS THAT ARE NOT MEMBERS OF A FEDERATION

450. The provisions of this division apply only to credit unions that are not members of a federation.

The principles of sound and prudent management that such a credit union must adhere to in its financial management must, in particular, provide that it maintain adequate capital to ensure its sustainability.

2000, c. 29, s. 450; 2018, c. 23, s. 275.

451. A credit union must maintain adequate capital to ensure its sustainability.

2000, c. 29, s. 451; 2018, c. 23, s. 276.

452. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 452; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 277.

453. Where the Authority considers that the capital of a credit union is inadequate to ensure its sustainability, the Authority may order the credit union to adopt a compliance program within the time prescribed and for the reasons indicated by the Authority.

Before exercising the power set out in the first paragraph, the Authority shall notify the credit union and give it an opportunity to present observations.

2000, c. 29, s. 453; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 278.

454. The compliance program shall describe the measures to be implemented by the credit union within the time limits indicated therein.

2000, c. 29, s. 454; 2018, c. 23, s. 279.

455. The compliance program adopted by the credit union must be submitted for approval to the Authority, who may approve it with or without amendment.

2000, c. 29, s. 455; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

456. If a credit union fails to comply with the order of the Authority, the Authority may establish such compliance program as the Authority considers appropriate.

2000, c. 29, s. 456; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

457. The credit union is bound to implement the compliance program approved or established by the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 457; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

458. Where the credit union is required to implement a compliance program, it must furnish to the Authority any report the Authority may require on the implementation of the program at such intervals, in such form and of such tenor as the Authority may determine.

2000, c. 29, s. 458; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

459. The credit union shall cease to solicit or receive deposits until it has

(1)  adopted a compliance program;

(2)  implemented a compliance program;

(3)  furnished to the Authority such report as the Authority may require on the implementation of a compliance program.

2000, c. 29, s. 459; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90.

460. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 460; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 280.

CHAPTER XI LIQUID ASSETS

DIVISION I CREDIT UNIONS

460.1. The principles of sound and prudent management that a credit union must adhere to with regard to its financial management must provide that it maintain adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due.

For the purpose of determining the assets to be maintained, demand deposits are considered payable when and to the extent considered usual in the economic conditions prevailing at the time.

2018, c. 23, s. 282.

461. Every credit union that is a member of a federation must maintain adequate liquid assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due, in accordance with federation standards.

The federation must adopt standards concerning the assets described in the first paragraph to be maintained by credit unions.

2000, c. 29, s. 461; 2018, c. 23, s. 283.

462. The federation shall administer the assets described in the first paragraph of section 461 maintained by the credit unions, in accordance with the by-laws that the federation must pass in that regard.

2000, c. 29, s. 462; 2018, c. 23, s. 284.

463. The assets described in the first paragraph of section 461 maintained by the credit unions and administered by the federation may be paid in whole or in part into any fund established by the federation. The provisions of sections 408 to 413 apply to such a fund, in accordance with the by-laws of the federation.

Where the assets of such a fund are separate from the assets of the federation, the federation must submit its annual financial statements to the Authority together with any other financial statement or information required by the Authority.

2000, c. 29, s. 463; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 285.

464. Every credit union that is not a member of a federation must maintain adequate assets to meet its liabilities, as and when they become due.

2000, c. 29, s. 464; 2018, c. 23, s. 286.

465. (Repealed).

2000, c. 29, s. 465; 2002, c. 45, s. 338; 2004, c. 37, s. 90; 2018, c. 23, s. 287.

DIVISION II FEDERATIONS

466. Every federation shall, for its operations, maintain such liquid assets as are adequate to meet its re